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ATI Nur 221 Med Surg unit 4 Exam Questions

Question 1 of 5

The nurse reviews the client's arterial blood gases and has the following results: pH 7.30. PaCO2 58, and HCO3 of 26. The nurse interprets these results that the client has which acid-base imbalance?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A low pH (<7.35) and high PaCO2 (>45 mmHg) indicate respiratory acidosis due to COâ‚‚ retention.

Question 2 of 5

A client is in a motor vehicle accident with severe thoracic trauma. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Severe thoracic trauma impairs lung expansion, leading to hypoventilation and COâ‚‚ retention, causing respiratory acidosis.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse and an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are caring for a group of clients. Which intervention should the nurse perform?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Client education on fluid restrictions is a nursing responsibility and cannot be delegated.

Question 4 of 5

What happens when a hypertonic IV solution is administered to a client?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypertonic solutions have higher osmolarity than blood, pulling fluid from cells into the intravascular space, increasing blood volume.

Question 5 of 5

What are the warning signs of hypovolemia?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypovolemia causes tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and reduced urine output due to low blood volume.

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The nurse is looking at a set of ABG's and notices a bicarbonate level of 30. What other change would the nurse expect to see in their lab values?
A client is in a motor vehicle accident with a severe kidney injury and develops acute renal failure. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?

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