ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg unit 4 Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is in a motor vehicle accident with a severe kidney injury and develops acute renal failure. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidneys play a vital role in acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate. Acute renal failure impairs these functions, leading to acid retention and metabolic acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
The client's potassium level is 2.2 What nursing action has the highest priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A potassium level of 2.2 mEq/L is critically low, increasing the risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Continuous cardiac monitoring helps detect dangerous dysrhythmias like ventricular tachycardia.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis. The nurse should anticipate to assess which signs and symptoms to indicate respiratory acidosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis occurs when COâ‚‚ retention leads to cerebral vasodilation, increasing intracranial pressure and causing headache, restlessness, and confusion.
Question 4 of 5
When a client is using a cooling blanket to reduce fever, which finding indicates the need to change treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shivering counteracts the cooling effect of the blanket, increasing body temperature and metabolic demand. This indicates the treatment is ineffective and needs adjustment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is looking at a set of ABG's and notices a bicarbonate level of 30. What other change would the nurse expect to see in their lab values?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis is often associated with hypochloremia, especially when caused by vomiting or diuretics.