ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and reports a tightening feeling around their torso. Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize this finding indicates?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The MS hug is a tightening sensation around the torso caused by intercostal muscle spasms due to spinal cord lesions in MS. Lhermitte's sign involves electric shock-like sensations, paroxysmal spasms are involuntary contractions, and trigeminal neuralgia causes facial pain, none of which match the torso tightening.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports that, since the onset of the disease, there are times when their symptoms are active and then followed by a period with no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Relapsing-remitting MS (
B) involves relapses with symptoms followed by remissions, matching the client's pattern. Primary progressive (
A) shows steady worsening, clinically isolating syndrome (
C) is a single episode, and secondary progressive (
D) follows RRMS with gradual decline.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a complete spinal cord injury about bowel and bladder management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Stool softeners prevent constipation, suprapubic or self-intermittent catheterization manages bladder function, and digital stimulation aids bowel movements. Excessive fluid restriction is inappropriate as hydration prevents complications like urinary tract infections.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instruction to a client who has hypertension that has resulted in a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Which of the following information should the nurse discuss with the client regarding blood pressure (BP) management?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining systolic blood pressure between 120 and 129 mm Hg aligns with guidelines for tight blood pressure control post-TIA to reduce the risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing care for a client who is at risk of cerebral aneurysm rupture. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the care plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining the head of the bed between 30 and 45° is correct because it helps reduce intracranial pressure by promoting venous drainage from the brain, thus decreasing the risk of cerebral aneurysm rupture or rebleeding. Keeping lights at a medium level is not specific to preventing aneurysm rupture, hypotonic solutions can increase intracranial pressure, and repositioning does not directly address the risk of rupture.