ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam I Questions
Extract:
Juvenile arthritis should be suspected in a child who exhibits.
Question 1 of 5
Juvenile arthritis should be suspected in a child who exhibits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Joint swelling and pain lasting longer than 6 weeks. This is indicative of juvenile arthritis, as it is characterized by persistent joint inflammation and pain. Frequent fractures (
A) are not typical of juvenile arthritis. Lurching and abnormal gait (
C) may suggest other musculoskeletal conditions but are not specific to juvenile arthritis. Increased joint mobility (
D) is not a common feature of juvenile arthritis.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
Which statement best describes why infants are at greater risk for dehydration than older children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infants have an increased extracellular fluid volume. Infants have a higher percentage of total body water, and a greater proportion of this water is found in the extracellular fluid compartment. This makes them more susceptible to dehydration as they have a larger volume of fluid that can be lost through various mechanisms such as vomiting, diarrhea, or fever. Option A is incorrect because infants actually have a reduced ability to concentrate urine compared to older children. Option C is incorrect as intracellular fluid volume does not directly impact dehydration risk. Option D is incorrect as body surface area is not directly related to dehydration risk in this context.
Extract:
A 1-year-old child underweight with abdominal distention, thin legs and arms, and foul-smelling stools.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes on assessment that a 1-year-old child underweight with abdominal distention, thin legs and arms, and foul-smelling stools. The nurse suspects failure to thrive is associated with
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Celiac disease. This is because the child's symptoms of underweight, abdominal distention, thin limbs, and foul-smelling stools are indicative of malabsorption, which is a common feature of celiac disease. In celiac disease, the body cannot tolerate gluten, leading to damage in the small intestine and malabsorption of nutrients. Intussusception (
A) is a condition where one segment of the intestine invaginates into another, leading to obstruction. Imperforate anus (
B) is a congenital condition where the opening of the anus is absent or blocked. Irritable bowel syndrome (
D) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits, but it does not typically present with failure to thrive and malabsorption.
Extract:
A child is hospitalized after a serious motor vehicle crash and has developed increased urination.
Question 4 of 5
A child is hospitalized after a serious motor vehicle crash and has developed increased urination. What action by the nurse takes priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Monitor the child's intake and output. This action is a priority because increased urination may indicate a potential issue with fluid balance, such as diabetes insipidus or renal dysfunction. Monitoring intake and output will provide crucial information on the child's fluid status. Restricting dietary sodium intake (choice
A) is not the immediate priority as it does not address the underlying cause of increased urination. Assessing daily serum sodium level (choice
B) is important but not the initial step in managing increased urination. Weighing the child daily (choice
C) can be helpful but does not provide real-time information on fluid balance like intake and output monitoring does.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
Which statement is accurate concerning a child's musculoskeletal system and how it may be different from an adult's?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Infants are at greater risk for fractures because their epiphyseal plates are not fused. This is accurate because epiphyseal plates are areas of growing tissue near the ends of long bones in children and adolescents, responsible for bone growth. Since these plates are not fully fused in infants, their bones are more susceptible to fractures.
Choice A is incorrect because bones in children actually have more blood flow to support growth.
Choice B is incorrect as growth in children is primarily due to the increase in bone length, not muscle fibers.
Choice D is incorrect because children's soft tissues are more prone to injury due to their elasticity, making dislocations and sprains more common in children than in adults.