ATI RN
ATI N180 Pharmacology Quiz 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Three hours after self-administering regular insulin subcutaneously, the client contacts you at the provider's office by telephone to report that she is shaking, sweating, and has a rapid pulse. Which of the following actions should you NOT advise her to take? (Select All That Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answers are A and B. A - Taking an oral hypoglycemic agent is not advisable as the client may already be experiencing hypoglycemia due to the regular insulin. B - Self-administering a long-acting insulin at this point could worsen the hypoglycemia. C - Checking blood glucose level is important to confirm hypoglycemia. D - Drinking orange juice can quickly raise blood glucose levels.
Therefore, advising the client to take an oral hypoglycemic agent or self-administer a long-acting insulin could exacerbate the current hypoglycemic state.
Question 2 of 5
A client is prescribed cimetidine 400 mg PO twice daily. It is available as an oral liquid of 100 mg per teaspoon. How many teaspoons should the client take per dose?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To determine the number of teaspoons the client should take per dose, divide the prescribed dose (400 mg) by the concentration of the oral liquid (100 mg/teaspoon).
400 mg ÷ 100 mg/teaspoon = 4 teaspoons.
Therefore, the client should take 2 teaspoons per dose, not 4 (
A), 1 (
C), or 3 (
D) teaspoons. The correct answer is B because it accurately calculates the amount needed based on the prescription and concentration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 62-year-old client with diabetes who has a new prescription for metoclopramide (Reglan). Which of the following statements is true regarding metoclopramide (Reglan)? (Select All That Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, C, D. Metoclopramide (Reglan) can cause tardive dyskinesia and prolonged QT interval as complications. The IV form is indeed used for postoperative and chemotherapy-induced nausea, bowel intubation, and GI tract examination. Complications can also include sedation. The oral form is used for diabetic gastroparesis and GERD due to its prokinetic effects. These statements are true based on the pharmacological actions and indications of metoclopramide. Tardive dyskinesia is a known side effect and the IV form is commonly used for the mentioned purposes. Sedation can also occur due to its effects on the central nervous system. The oral form's mechanism of action supports its use for diabetic gastroparesis and GERD.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an 82-year-old male with a history of mild kidney dysfunction who is recently admitted to the hospital for an unwitnessed fall. The nurse noted that the client had been taking cimetidine (Tagamet HB) at the maximum dosage for 2 months. Which of the following are complications of this cimetidine (Tagamet HB) that contributed to his admission? (Select All That Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are B (Lethargy) and D (Confusion). Cimetidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that can lead to central nervous system side effects in the elderly due to reduced metabolism and elimination. Lethargy is a common side effect, as the drug can cross the blood-brain barrier, causing sedation and fatigue. Confusion can also occur due to its anticholinergic effects, leading to cognitive impairment. Restlessness and increased libido are not typically associated with cimetidine use. In summary, the client's lethargy and confusion are likely complications of cimetidine contributing to his hospital admission.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 45-year-old male client who is prescribed with insulin and glucagon (GlucaGen) for diabetes. The client is unsure why he is prescribed with glucagon (GlucaGen). Which of the following is a therapeutic use for glucagon (GlucaGen)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypoglycemia. Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream, raising blood sugar levels. This is crucial in managing low blood sugar levels in diabetic patients who are using insulin.
Choice A: Thyroid cancer - Glucagon is not indicated for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
Choice C: Diabetes insipidus - Glucagon is not used in the treatment of diabetes insipidus, which is a disorder involving the kidneys and water balance.
Choice D: Type 2 diabetes mellitus - Glucagon is not typically used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Choice E: Irrelevant and unrelated to the therapeutic use of glucagon.
In summary, the correct answer, B, is supported by the fact that glucagon is specifically indicated for managing hypoglycemia by raising blood sugar levels. The other choices are incorrect as they do not