ATI RN
ATI Capstone Week 9 Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 ml per day. In SIADH, there is excessive release of ADH leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Limiting fluid intake helps prevent further water retention and dilution of sodium levels, aiming to increase serum sodium concentration. Providing a low sodium diet (choice
A) may not be sufficient to correct the low sodium level quickly. Administering desmopressin acetate (choice
C) further increases ADH release and worsens the condition. Maintaining an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride (choice
D) may lead to rapid correction of sodium levels, which can cause osmotic demyelination syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results and sees that their hemoglobin A1C is 9%. Which of the following statements from the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale:
Choice C is correct because Hemoglobin A1C reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. A level of 9% indicates high average blood sugar.
Choice A is incorrect because A1C does not specifically indicate post-meal blood sugar.
Choice B is incorrect as A1C doesn't measure low blood sugar levels.
Choice D is incorrect as A1C reflects overall blood sugar control, not stability.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The client tells the nurse, 'I can feel the congestion in my lungs, and I certainly cough a lot, but I can't seem to bring anything up.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help this client with tenacious bronchial secretions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily is essential in helping with tenacious bronchial secretions in COPD. Adequate hydration thins mucus, making it easier to expectorate. Options A, B, and C do not directly address the issue of thinning secretions. Administering oxygen helps with oxygenation, low-salt diet is for managing hypertension, and semi-Fowler's position aids with breathing but doesn't directly address secretions.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - Maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Rationale: Stable blood glucose levels are crucial in preventing complications of retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetes. Fluctuating blood sugar levels contribute to damage in the blood vessels of the eyes and kidneys. By keeping blood glucose levels stable through proper diet, exercise, medication adherence, and monitoring, the client can reduce the risk of complications.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Examining feet daily is important to prevent diabetic foot ulcers but not specific to retinopathy and nephropathy.
B: Wearing compression stockings is more related to managing peripheral vascular disease and venous insufficiency, not retinopathy and nephropathy.
D: Having an eye examination once per year is important for monitoring retinopathy but does not address prevention.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The hematocrit (Hct). Epoetin alfa is a medication used to stimulate red blood cell production in patients with renal disease. Monitoring the hematocrit levels helps assess the medication's effectiveness in increasing red blood cell count. Hematocrit measures the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. An increase in hematocrit indicates improved red blood cell production, indicating a therapeutic effect.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a marker of inflammation, not related to the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.
C: The leukocyte count measures white blood cells, not relevant for monitoring the effects of epoetin alfa.
D: The platelet count assesses clotting ability, not indicative of the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.