ATI RN
ATI Nproo 2100 Exam Unit 3 Fundamentals Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV and a CD4-T-cell count of 150/mm³. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor the client for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tuberculosis. With a low CD4-T-cell count of 150/mm³, the client is at increased risk for opportunistic infections like tuberculosis. TB is a common infection in individuals with HIV and can progress rapidly. Monitoring for symptoms like cough, weight loss, and night sweats is crucial. Hepatitis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia are not directly related to the client's immunocompromised state and CD4 count. Monitoring for these conditions is important but not as pertinent as TB in this case.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client after administering a dose of losartan. The client has a hoarse voice, and swollen lips and tongue. In which order should the nurse take the following actions?
Order the Items
Source Container
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: The correct order is A, B, C, D, E, F. First, assessing the client's airway (
A) is crucial in a potentially life-threatening situation like anaphylaxis. This allows the nurse to determine if there is any obstruction that needs immediate intervention. Next, calling the emergency response team (
B) ensures timely and specialized care. Providing high-flow oxygen (
C) supports oxygenation and helps stabilize the client. Initiating IV access (
D) prepares for medication administration. Administering IV epinephrine (E) is the primary treatment for anaphylaxis to counteract the severe allergic reaction. Lastly, administering IV antihistamines (F) can help further reduce allergic symptoms. The other choices are incorrect as they do not address the immediate life-threatening nature of anaphylaxis and do not follow the standard protocol for managing this condition effectively.
Question 3 of 5
Which class of antiretroviral drugs targets the stage of the HIV lifecycle by inhibiting RNA from forming DNA?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs). NRTIs target the stage of the HIV lifecycle by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which converts viral RNA into DNA. This process prevents the virus from replicating. Fusion Inhibitors (
A) work by blocking the virus from entering the host cell. Integrase Inhibitors (
B) prevent integration of the viral DNA into the host genome. Protease Inhibitors (
D) target the enzyme protease, which is involved in viral maturation. These other classes of drugs do not specifically inhibit RNA from forming DNA in the HIV lifecycle.
Question 4 of 5
A group of nurses are discussing risk factors for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from clients. Which of the following individuals should the nurse identify as being at the greatest risk for contracting HIV?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A phlebotomist who collects blood from clients who have HIV. Phlebotomists have direct contact with blood, which is a high-risk fluid for HIV transmission. HIV is primarily transmitted through blood-to-blood contact. The other choices involve urine, occupational therapy, or personal training, which do not have the same risk of blood exposure as phlebotomy.
Therefore, the phlebotomist is at the greatest risk for contracting HIV due to the nature of their job involving direct blood contact.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client for a suspected anaphylactic reaction following a CT scan with contrast media. For which of the following client findings should the nurse intervene first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stridor. Stridor indicates upper airway obstruction, which can rapidly progress to airway compromise and respiratory distress in an anaphylactic reaction.
Therefore, the nurse should intervene first to ensure the client's airway is patent. Hypotension (
B) is important but can be addressed after ensuring the airway is clear. Urticaria (
C) and vomiting (
D) are common signs of anaphylaxis but do not pose immediate life-threatening risks compared to airway compromise.