ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who is 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization and finds the dressing is saturated with blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to apply pressure just above the insertion site. This is crucial in controlling the bleeding and preventing further complications. By applying pressure, the nurse can help to stop the bleeding and stabilize the patient's condition. Reinforcing the dressing (choice
A) may not effectively address the immediate issue of active bleeding. Obtaining vital signs (choice
B) can wait until the bleeding is controlled. Monitoring the pulse distal to the insertion site (choice
D) is important but should come after addressing the bleeding.
Therefore, applying pressure above the insertion site is the priority to manage the immediate concern of excessive bleeding in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is admitting a child who has erythema infectiosum. Which of the following transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Droplet precautions. Erythema infectiosum, also known as Fifth disease, is primarily transmitted through respiratory secretions. Droplet precautions are necessary to prevent the spread of the virus through droplets when the child coughs or sneezes. This precaution includes wearing a mask and ensuring proper hand hygiene.
Other choices are incorrect because:
B: Airborne precautions are for diseases transmitted through small droplet nuclei that remain suspended in the air for long periods, such as tuberculosis.
C: Contact precautions are for diseases spread by direct contact with an infected person or surfaces, like MRSA.
D: Protective environment precautions are used for immunocompromised patients to protect them from environmental pathogens.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes (0800 hrs): The client's guardian reports that the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. The guardian expresses concern about the child's skin condition worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. The guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis. The child appears alert and responsive but frequently scratches at the affected areas. The guardian mentions that the child has been using a new laundry detergent recently. The child has been given diphenhydramine 10 mg PO for itching. The guardian is worried about the potential for infection due to the open sores; Vital Signs (0800 hrs): Temperature: 37.2°C (99°F), Heart rate: 110/min, Respiratory rate: 22/min, Blood pressure: 100/60 mmHg; Physical Examination Results (0800 hrs): Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities. The affected areas are dry and rough to the touch. Some areas show signs of excoriation and minor bleeding. No signs of systemic infection observed. The child appears to be in mild distress due to itching; Medication Administration Record: Diphenhydramine 10 mg PO, 4 times per day, Pimecrolimus 1% cream, apply to skin lesions daily; A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old male client in the emergency department. The client presents with a history of irritability, scratching, and bleeding from skin lesions. The nurse is preparing to discharge the client.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E,G
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E, G
Rationale:
A: "You should use a mild detergent for your child's laundry." This is important to prevent skin irritation in sensitive skin.
B: "You should apply emollients to your child's skin after bathing." Emollients help in moisturizing and soothing the skin.
C: "You can apply gloves to your child's hands." Gloves can protect the skin from further irritation and damage.
E: "You should cut and file your child's fingernails frequently." Short nails help prevent scratching and worsening of skin lesions.
G: "Your child will experience occasional flare-ups of this condition." Setting realistic expectations about the condition helps in long-term management.
Summary:
D: "You should apply a thick layer of pimecrolimus cream to your child's lesions." Pimecrolimus cream is not usually recommended for all types of skin conditions.
F: "Your child's condition is contagious when lesions
Extract:
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a 10-month-old infant who is having difficulty eating. The parent is feeding their infant goat milk.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Offer commercially prepared formula. This is the most appropriate choice as it ensures the infant receives proper nutrition and avoids potential risks associated with other options.
Choice B (Switch to soy milk) is not recommended for infants due to potential allergies.
Choice C (Reinitiate breastfeeding) may not be feasible or safe for all mothers.
Choice D (Warm goat's milk before feeding) is not recommended as goat's milk lacks essential nutrients for infants. Overall, option A is the safest and most suitable choice for infant nutrition.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of an 11-month-old infant who has acute diarrhea. Which of the following food items should the nurse instruct the parent to provide to the infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oral electrolyte solution. This is recommended for infants with acute diarrhea to prevent dehydration and restore electrolyte balance. It is easily absorbed and helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes. Applesauce (
B) and white grape juice (
D) can worsen diarrhea due to their high sugar content. Chicken soup (
C) may be too heavy for an infant's digestive system. Other choices are not relevant for managing diarrhea in infants.