ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a complication of heart failure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pleural effusion is a common complication of heart failure. Increased pulmonary circulation pressure causes fluid accumulation in the pleural space. Infection, asthma, and hemorrhage are not direct complications of heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which of the following is not a manifestation of a pulmonary embolism?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Facial weakness is not a typical sign of pulmonary embolism. Hemoptysis, tachycardia, and even petechiae (in rare cases like fat embolism) can be associated, but facial weakness is more indicative of stroke or Bell's palsy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has valvular heart disease and is at risk for developing left-sided heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse the client is developing this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is correct. Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, leading to dyspnea and orthopnea. Weight gain and anorexia are more associated with right-sided heart failure, and pulmonary embolism is a separate condition.
Question 4 of 5
What is the purpose of a patient with COPD using an ipratropium inhaler?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Preventing bronchospasms and promoting bronchodilation is correct. Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that relaxes airway muscles, improving airflow in COPD patients. It does not monitor blood pressure, relieve nasal congestion, or primarily reduce coughing.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The client tells the nurse, 'I can feel the congestion in my lungs, and I certainly cough a lot, but I can't seem to bring anything up.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help this client with tenacious bronchial secretions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adequate hydration (2 to 3 L daily) thins mucus secretions, aiding expectoration. Semi-Fowler's position, oxygen therapy, and a low-salt diet do not directly address thick mucus.