ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about sleep disorders. The nurse should include that which of the following conditions can cause obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enlarged tonsils are correct. They can block the airway, causing OSA. Heart failure and opioid overdose are linked to central sleep apnea, and brainstem injury affects respiratory drive but not OSA directly.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is considered a risk factor for COPD?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is correct. It is a genetic disorder that leads to early-onset emphysema, impairing the lungs' ability to protect against enzymatic damage. Hypertension, male gender, and history of pulmonary embolism are not primary risk factors for COPD.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin is correct. The combination of iodinated contrast dye and metformin increases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and lactic acidosis, especially in clients with kidney dysfunction. Nitroglycerin, atorvastatin, and carvedilol do not interact significantly with contrast dye.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatomegaly is correct. Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic venous congestion, which can cause liver enlargement (hepatomegaly), ascites, and peripheral edema. Dizziness is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure due to decreased cardiac output. Crackles in the lungs and dry hacking cough are symptoms of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion.
Question 5 of 5
The client is being discharged with a prescription of prednisone. Which of the following is not a common side effect for this corticosteroid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight loss is not a common side effect of prednisone. Weight gain due to fluid retention and increased appetite is typical. Dry mouth, hyperglycemia, and decreased wound healing are common side effects.