ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which of the following is not a manifestation of a pulmonary embolism?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Facial weakness is not a typical sign of pulmonary embolism. Hemoptysis, tachycardia, and even petechiae (in rare cases like fat embolism) can be associated, but facial weakness is more indicative of stroke or Bell's palsy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin is correct. The combination of iodinated contrast dye and metformin increases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and lactic acidosis, especially in clients with kidney dysfunction. Nitroglycerin, atorvastatin, and carvedilol do not interact significantly with contrast dye.
Question 3 of 5
A client who has coronary artery disease tells the nurse he is afraid of dying from a heart attack. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the client to express fears allows emotional support and assessment. Providing health advice, dismissing fears, or referring to a physician too soon misses the opportunity for immediate support.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a provider's clinic is assessing a client who takes sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina. The client reports getting a headache each time he takes the medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Try taking a mild analgesic to relieve the headache.' is correct. Nitroglycerin-induced headaches are a common side effect due to vasodilation. Mild analgesics such as acetaminophen can help alleviate the discomfort. Taking only one dose to reduce the risk of a headache is inappropriate. The client should follow the prescribed dosing regimen to manage angina effectively. Skipping doses may increase the risk of angina attacks. Requesting a different medication is not necessary. Nitroglycerin is an effective treatment for stable angina, and headaches typically diminish over time as the body adjusts to the medication. Stating that nothing can be done to relieve the headaches is incorrect. Headaches from nitroglycerin can be managed with mild analgesics or by adjusting the timing of medication administration.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse identifies which of the following as the most common cause of a myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is correct. It is the primary cause of myocardial infarction due to plaque buildup blocking coronary arteries, reducing oxygen to the heart. Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are risk factors but not the direct cause.