ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient has been admitted with dehydration and is prescribed IV fluids and medications. Over a 12-hour shift, the following intake and output data are recorded: Intake: 1,000 mL of lactated Ringer's administered via IV over 8 hours. 250 mL of an antibiotic infusion. The patient drank 3 cups of water (1 cup = 240 mL). Output: Urine output was 1,200 mL. The patient vomited 300 mL. Wound drainage amounted to 150 mL. Calculate the net fluid balance.
Correct Answer: 320 mL
Rationale: The net fluid balance is +320 mL, calculated as total intake (1,970 mL) minus total output (1,650 mL).
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which of the following happens physiologically when bronchospasm occurs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bronchospasm involves inflammation, edema, and excess mucus, causing airway narrowing in asthma.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle weakness is a classic sign of hypokalemia because potassium is essential for proper muscle function, and low levels can impair contraction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Paresthesia, dysphagia, spasticity, and vertigo are common symptoms in multiple sclerosis due to nerve damage affecting sensory, swallowing, muscle control, and balance functions.
Question 5 of 5
A 68-year-old male presents to the emergency department with sudden onset of right-sided weakness and difficulty speaking. The symptoms resolved after 20 minutes. Which of the following are appropriate actions and considerations for this patient who has experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA)? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,F,G
Rationale: Antiplatelet therapy, CT scan, carotid ultrasound, and lifestyle modifications are appropriate for managing TIA to prevent future strokes.