ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism can lead to emotional lability, anxiety, and irritability due to increased metabolic rate.
Question 2 of 5
Anna's mother has been suffering from persistent vomiting for two days now. She appears to be lethargic and weak and has myalgia. She is noted to have dry mucus membranes and her capillary refill takes >4 seconds. She is diagnosed as having gastroenteritis and dehydration. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid-base disorder is shown?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The elevated pH (7.5) and HCO3 (34 mmol/L) indicate metabolic alkalosis. The slightly elevated PaCO2 (40 mm Hg) suggests partial respiratory compensation attempting to correct the alkalosis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis can lead to potassium depletion causing muscle weakness, decreased calcium ionization causing circumoral paresthesia, and cerebral vasoconstriction causing dizziness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oliguria or decreased urine output can be a sign of organ rejection post kidney transplant due to decreased renal perfusion.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney failure about planning a low-protein diet. The client states, 'Why do I have to be concerned about protein?' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low-protein diet reduces the risk for uremia, a condition resulting from chronic kidney failure where urea and other waste products build up in the body due to impaired renal function.