ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client. The pH is 7.32, PaCO2 48 mm Hg and the HCO3 is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which of the following acid base balances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pH is below the normal range (7.35-7.45), indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is elevated, indicating respiratory acidosis, as an increase in PaCO2 leads to an increase in carbonic acid and a decrease in pH.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oliguria, characterized by urine output less than 400 mL per 24 hours, is a hallmark of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following chronic conditions should the nurse identify as risk factors for developing kidney disease?
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Hypertension, diabetes, and obesity are significant risk factors for kidney disease. Hypertension damages renal blood vessels, diabetes leads to diabetic nephropathy, and obesity increases the risk through associated conditions like hypertension and diabetes.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has nephrotic syndrome and is receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy. For which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corticosteroid therapy can lead to increased urinary potassium loss and subsequent hypokalemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lethargy is a common symptom of hypothyroidism due to decreased metabolic rate and energy levels.