ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is discussing kidney transplant with a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to multiple organ damage and increased surgical risks, making it a contraindication for kidney transplant.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flank pain is a common symptom of polycystic kidney disease due to the enlargement of the kidneys from cyst formation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has renal failure and an elevated phosphorus level. The provider instructed the client to take aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constipation is a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide, an antacid often used to bind phosphate in patients with renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk for renal calculi?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dehydration can lead to concentrated urine, which increases the risk of crystal formation and subsequently the formation of renal calculi.
Question 5 of 5
A woman was brought to the emergency department of a hospital after she fell into the ground and hurt her left leg. She is noted to be tachycardic and tachypneic. Painkillers were carried out to lessen her pain. Suddenly, she started complaining that she is still in pain and now experiencing muscle cramps, tingling, and paraesthesia. Measurement of arterial blood gas reveals pH 7.6, PaO2 120 mm Hg, PaCO2 31 mm Hg, and HCO3 25 mmol/L. What does this mean?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The arterial blood gas values indicate a pH of 7.6, suggesting alkalosis. The low PaCO2 at 31 mm Hg indicates hyperventilation, a respiratory process. The normal HCO3 suggests no metabolic involvement, and the lack of renal adjustment indicates an uncompensated state.