ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 60-year-old patient with a history of hypertension presents to the clinic for a routine check-up. Which of the following findings would indicate poor management of hypertension? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: E,F
Rationale: Proteinuria and left ventricular hypertrophy indicate kidney and heart damage from poorly managed hypertension.
Question 2 of 5
A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitrites are commonly found in the urine of patients with UTIs due to bacterial conversion of urinary nitrates to nitrites, a hallmark finding of a UTI.
Question 3 of 5
A 25-year-old patient with a history of epilepsy is brought to the emergency department after experiencing a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ensuring the airway is open and positioning the patient on their side prevents aspiration and facilitates breathing during a seizure.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been admitted with dehydration and is prescribed IV fluids and medications. Over a 12-hour shift, the following intake and output data are recorded: Intake: 1,000 mL of lactated Ringer's administered via IV over 8 hours. 250 mL of an antibiotic infusion. The patient drank 3 cups of water (1 cup = 240 mL). Output: Urine output was 1,200 mL. The patient vomited 300 mL. Wound drainage amounted to 150 mL. Calculate the net fluid balance.
Correct Answer: 320 mL
Rationale: The net fluid balance is +320 mL, calculated as total intake (1,970 mL) minus total output (1,650 mL).
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk of aspiration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Positioning the patient in a semi-Fowler's position reduces the risk of aspiration during and after feeding.