ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following symptoms is indicative of right-sided heart failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Jugular venous distention occurs in right-sided heart failure from systemic venous backup. Crackles , orthopnea , and blood-tinged sputum indicate left-sided failure's pulmonary congestion.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications are going to dilate the coronary arteries and redirect blood flow so that ischemic tissue is oxygenated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nitroglycerin dilates coronary arteries, increasing blood flow to ischemic myocardium. Salmeterol is a bronchodilator, aspirin prevents clotting, and digoxin enhances contractility, none dilating coronary vessels.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following medications would be appropriate for heart failure treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide reduces fluid overload in heart failure, relieving edema. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine, epinephrine increases cardiac workload, and PTU treats hyperthyroidism, all irrelevant.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a colon resection yesterday due to having a bowel obstruction. ABGs show metabolic alkalosis. The nurse expects this finding is because of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nasogastric suction removes gastric acid, causing metabolic alkalosis. Panic attacks cause respiratory alkalosis, ESRD causes acidosis, and epidurals don't affect acid-base.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, I don't need this medication. I am not constipated. The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactulose traps ammonia in the gut, reducing toxic levels causing hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. It doesn't lower glucose , potassium , or bicarbonate .