ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements are true regarding physiological changes of the respiratory system in the aging adult client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physiological changes (
D) like reduced lung elasticity and muscle strength mimic airway obstruction. Dyspnea (
A) is common in conditions like COPD or heart failure. Aging often increases medication sensitivity (
B) due to altered metabolism. Adverse reactions (
C) are higher in older adults due to polypharmacy and sensitivity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a cerebral aneurysm. In the event of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, which of the following manifestations would be present in the client? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: A ruptured cerebral aneurysm causes severe symptoms like loss of consciousness, dilated pupil, visual disturbances, and nausea/vomiting due to increased intracranial pressure and neurological disruption. Light sensitivity and facial numbness are less specific to aneurysm rupture.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about spinal cord injuries in clients who are aged 65 years and older. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the most common cause of spinal cord injuries for this age group?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Falls are the most common cause of spinal cord injuries in those aged 65 and older due to age-related changes in balance, mobility, and bone density. Gunshot wounds, sporting accidents, and motor vehicle accidents are less common in this age group.
Question 4 of 5
A client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose of 300 mg/dL. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High blood glucose requires insulin, hydration, and ketone monitoring to prevent complications.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following factors contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and autoimmune mechanisms drive MS development, unlike infections which are not direct causes.