ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are symptoms of multiple sclerosis? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale:
Choice A: Photosensitivity is incorrect because it is not a common symptom of multiple sclerosis, though visual disturbances like optic neuritis may occur.
Choice B: Memory issues is correct as cognitive impairment, including memory problems, is common in MS.
Choice C: Lhermitte's sign is correct, characterized by an electric shock-like sensation down the spine with neck flexion, often due to cervical spinal cord lesions.
Choice D: Seizures is incorrect as they are not typical in MS.
Choice E: Central vision loss is correct due to optic neuritis, a frequent MS symptom.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who was brought in by a neighbor after falling down suddenly while walking. Which of the following assessments are the priority for the nurse to complete? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Muscle strength is a priority to identify neurological deficits or weakness indicative of conditions like stroke. Facial symmetry is crucial to detect facial droop, a sign of stroke or Bell's palsy. Vision changes are important to assess for visual disturbances that may indicate neurological issues like stroke or TIA.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following are adverse effects of methylprednisolone? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Delayed wound healing is correct because corticosteroids suppress inflammation and collagen synthesis, impairing wound healing. Hirsutism is correct as long-term corticosteroid use can cause excessive hair growth due to effects on hair follicles. Hyperglycemia is correct because corticosteroids promote gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance, increasing blood glucose levels.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports that, since the onset of the disease, there are times when their symptoms are active and then followed by a period with no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Relapsing-remitting MS (
B) involves relapses with symptoms followed by remissions, matching the client's pattern. Primary progressive (
A) shows steady worsening, clinically isolating syndrome (
C) is a single episode, and secondary progressive (
D) follows RRMS with gradual decline.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has a history of migraines comes into the clinic reporting 'tingling of the face' and blind spots in the eyes. Which of the following phases of a migraine is the client experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The aura phase involves neurological symptoms like visual disturbances (blind spots) and sensory symptoms (tingling), which match the client's symptoms. Prodrome involves subtle warning signs like fatigue, postdrome involves lingering symptoms like fatigue, and the headache phase focuses on pain, not these specific neurological symptoms.