ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a spinal cord injury about prevention of atelectasis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep coughing clears mucus and promotes lung expansion, reducing atelectasis risk. Panting breaths, chest muscle exercises, and excessive rest are less effective or may increase atelectasis risk due to reduced lung activity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with meningitis. The student nurse asks, 'I know that the client has a lot of edemas in the brain, but what causes it?' Which of the following responses from the nurse best answers the student's question?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral edema in meningitis is caused by pathogen by-products, like bacterial endotoxins, which trigger inflammation, disrupt the blood-brain barrier, and cause fluid leakage into brain tissue. Osmotic edema, whole-body inflammation, and abnormal CSF flow are not the primary mechanisms.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A pneumothorax causes lung collapse, impairing gas exchange and leading to lower oxygen saturations (93% to 94%). Higher saturations, lower energy expenditure, and increased lung capacity are not expected due to compromised lung function.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is discussing factors that can lead to obstructive sleep apnea with a group of older adults. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Stroke, fatty deposits, and muscle dysfunction are direct contributing factors to obstructive sleep apnea. Stroke affects respiratory control, fatty deposits narrow the airway, and muscle dysfunction increases airway collapsibility.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a spinal cord injury about prevention of atelectasis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep coughing clears mucus and promotes lung expansion, reducing atelectasis risk. Panting breaths, chest muscle exercises, and excessive rest are less effective or may increase atelectasis risk due to reduced lung activity.