ATI RN
ATI N120n122 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are components of the complete blood count (CBC)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Hemoglobin level is a key component of the CBC, reflecting the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. White blood cell count is included in the CBC and is important for assessing the immune response. Platelet count is also part of the CBC and is essential for evaluating clotting function. Red blood cell count is included in the CBC and is crucial for assessing overall blood health and anemia status. Blood glucose level is not part of the CBC; it is typically measured separately in metabolic panels or glucose tests.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is taking epoetin alfa (Procrit). Which laboratory result would be used to assess the effectiveness of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red blood cells (RB
C) and hemoglobin (Hg) levels are directly affected by epoetin alfa, which stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow, making these values essential for assessing the medication's effectiveness. The leukocyte count (WB
C) is not relevant to the effects of epoetin alfa, as this medication primarily influences erythropoiesis. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non-specific test used to detect inflammation but does not provide information regarding the effectiveness of epoetin alfa. The thrombocyte count does not assess the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative and has anemia due to excess blood loss following surgery. The client's hemoglobin is at 7 g/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect this client to report?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fatigue is a common symptom in clients with anemia, particularly when hemoglobin levels are low, as there is reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to feelings of weakness and tiredness. Diarrhea is not typically associated with anemia. Hypertension is unlikely; hypotension may be more expected. Bradycardia is not typical; tachycardia is more common.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with HIV. Which laboratory test would be used to assess the effectiveness of therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Viral load count is the primary test used to assess the effectiveness of HIV therapy by measuring the amount of HIV RNA in the blood, indicating how well the treatment is controlling the virus. The Western blot is used as a confirmatory test for HIV diagnosis rather than monitoring therapy effectiveness. The Enzyme immunoassay (EI
A) test is used for initial HIV screening but does not measure viral load or therapy effectiveness. Platelet count can be affected in HIV infection, especially with advanced disease, but it does not directly measure the effectiveness of HIV therapy.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing interventions are appropriate for a nurse administering a blood transfusion? Select All That Apply
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Verifying the client's name and blood type with a second nurse is a critical safety measure to prevent transfusion reactions. Infusing the unit of blood within 4 hours is essential to reduce the risk of bacterial growth. Obtaining baseline vital signs prior to starting the transfusion is important to assess the client's condition. Continuously monitoring the client during the first 15 minutes is vital for detecting any signs of a transfusion reaction. Inserting an 18-gauge intravenous catheter is recommended for blood transfusions. Hanging a bag of D5%NS is incorrect; only normal saline should be used. A 22-gauge catheter is acceptable but not preferred.