ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which disease process has a manifestation of excessive production in mucus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchitis causes excess mucus from inflamed bronchial tubes. Emphysema involves alveolar damage, PAD affects arteries, and heart failure causes edema, not mucus.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse notes in the client's health history a diagnosis of hepatitis B. Which of the following activities would most likely put the client at risk for this illness?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tattooing with unsterile needles risks hepatitis B, matching the 90-day incubation. Undeveloped areas , conferences , and recent birth are less likely.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ESRD causes hypervolemia, leading to edema, pulmonary crackles, and hypertension from fluid overload. Hypovolemia causes hypotension, hyperkalemia affects muscles, and hyponatremia causes neurological symptoms, not fluid-related signs.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with left-sided heart failure. Which of the following symptoms correlate to this diagnosis? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Tachypnea and cough result from pulmonary edema in left-sided heart failure. Jugular vein distention and ascites indicate right-sided failure, and confusion is a late, non-specific sign.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a client admitted with an ischemic stroke?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Raising the head 30 degrees optimizes cerebral perfusion in ischemic stroke. Semi-Fowler's aids breathing, Trendelenburg risks pressure, and flat worsens ischemia.