ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, causing weight gain from fat accumulation and fluid retention. Diaphoresis , exophthalmos , and palpitations are hyperthyroid symptoms, not hypothyroidism.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, I don't need this medication. I am not constipated. The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactulose traps ammonia in the gut, reducing toxic levels causing hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. It doesn't lower glucose , potassium , or bicarbonate .
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for the following clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Coughing with esophageal varices risks rupture and bleeding, a life-threatening emergency. Creatinine elevation , pain , and itching/drowsiness are less urgent.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a history of asthma. The nurse reviews the provider's orders and recognizes that clarification is needed for which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carvedilol, a non-selective beta-blocker, risks bronchospasm in asthma. Fluticasone , captopril , and isosorbide are safe for asthma and heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with left-sided heart failure. Which of the following symptoms correlate to this diagnosis? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Tachypnea and cough result from pulmonary edema in left-sided heart failure. Jugular vein distention and ascites indicate right-sided failure, and confusion is a late, non-specific sign.