ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
What set of arterial blood gases (ABGs) would you expect to see in a client with acute chest trauma?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: pH 7.30, high CO2 (52), and near-normal HCO3 (22) reflect respiratory acidosis from hypoventilation in chest trauma, like rib fractures, reducing air exchange. Compensation is minimal acutely, fitting the clinical scenario. Other options (A,
C) indicate respiratory alkalosis, and D suggests mixed acidosis, less precise for acute chest trauma's primary CO2 retention.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following describe a non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NSTEMI causes chest pain at rest from partial occlusion, not exertion-related or complete occlusion (B, STEMI). Partial occlusion is true but not the best descriptor here.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for the following clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Coughing with esophageal varices risks rupture and bleeding, a life-threatening emergency. Creatinine elevation , pain , and itching/drowsiness are less urgent.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with left-sided heart failure. Which of the following symptoms correlate to this diagnosis? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Tachypnea and cough result from pulmonary edema in left-sided heart failure. Jugular vein distention and ascites indicate right-sided failure, and confusion is a late, non-specific sign.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with esophageal varices. Which of these findings would be early indicators of bleeding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tachycardia, restlessness, and pallor indicate early blood loss from varices. Epigastric fullness is vague, yellow sclera reflects liver issues, and bradycardia/lethargy are late signs.