ATI RN
ATI Nur 211 Med Surg Exam Unit 4 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about dietary and lifestyle modifications. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Sodium reduction is not specific to GERD. Staying upright prevents reflux. Elevated bed position reduces nighttime reflux. A high-fiber, low-fat diet minimizes symptoms. Snacks may be tolerated and are not universally avoided.
Question 2 of 5
What manifestation is not present in dumping syndrome following a gastrectomy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Borborygmi refers to the audible sounds produced by the movement of gas and fluid in the intestines. This can occur in dumping syndrome due to increased intestinal motility and rapid gastric emptying, making this a present manifestation. Nausea and vomiting can occur in dumping syndrome, particularly shortly after eating, due to the rapid movement of food into the small intestine, which can irritate the gut.
Therefore, this is a present manifestation. Dizziness can occur in dumping syndrome, often as a result of rapid shifts in blood volume and blood sugar levels after eating. This symptom can be attributed to the body's response to the sudden influx of food and fluid into the intestines, leading to symptoms like weakness and dizziness. Hence, this is a present manifestation. Hypertension is not typically associated with dumping syndrome. In fact, many individuals may experience hypotension (low blood pressure) due to the rapid shift of fluid to the intestines, which can reduce circulating blood volume.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Constipation can be uncomfortable and may require management, but it is not typically a direct complication of peptic ulcer disease. While it is important to address, it does not pose an immediate threat to the client’s health. Epigastric discomfort is a common symptom of peptic ulcer disease and can indicate that the ulcer is active or that the patient is experiencing gastric distress. However, it does not indicate a severe or life-threatening condition and should be managed but is not a priority finding. Hematemesis, or vomiting blood, is a serious symptom that indicates possible bleeding from the ulcer. This is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical intervention, as it can lead to significant blood loss and complications such as shock. Dyspepsia refers to general digestive discomfort, which may include symptoms like bloating, nausea, and heartburn. While it is a common symptom in peptic ulcer disease, it does not indicate an urgent medical condition.
Question 4 of 5
A 3-month-old is being treated for gastroesophageal reflux. The health care provider orders 2mg/kg of ranitidine to be administered every 12 hours. The client weighs 10 pounds. The elixir comes in a strength of 15mg/mL. How many mL of ranitidine should the nurse administer to this client per dose?
Correct Answer: 0.6 mL
Rationale: The infant weighs 10 pounds (4.53692 kg). The dose is 2 mg/kg, so 9.07384 mg per dose. The elixir is 15 mg/mL, so 9.07384 mg ÷ 15 mg/mL = 0.60492267 mL, rounded to 0.6 mL.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and a new prescription for sucralfate tablets. Which of the following information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier over the ulcer and is best taken on an empty stomach. Antacids can interfere with the effectiveness of sucralfate if taken simultaneously. It’s usually recommended to wait at least 30 minutes to 1 hour after taking sucralfate before taking an antacid. Sucralfate should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, but it does not need to be refrigerated. This guidance is essential to ensure that the medication maintains its effectiveness. Sucralfate is typically taken 1 hour before meals and at bedtime to optimize its protective effect on the stomach lining and ulcers. This timing allows it to coat the ulcer effectively before food intake. Sucralfate tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed, as doing so may affect how the medication works. This instruction helps ensure that the sucralfate can properly adhere to the ulcer surface.