Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Epigastric pain is common in cholecystitis. Murphy's sign indicates gallbladder inflammation. Green stool is not typical for cholecystitis, which may cause pale stools if bile flow is obstructed. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed is a recommended practice for individuals with GERD, as it helps prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep. This shows the patient is taking proactive steps to manage their condition. Using antacids can provide symptomatic relief from heartburn and discomfort associated with GERD. Taking them between meals and at bedtime can help neutralize stomach acid, which is a common practice for managing GERD symptoms. Eating large meals, especially rich or fatty foods, and snacking before bedtime can exacerbate GERD symptoms by increasing stomach pressure and acid production. Patients with GERD are typically advised to eat smaller meals and avoid eating close to bedtime to reduce reflux episodes. Chewing gum can actually be beneficial for some GERD patients as it stimulates saliva production, which can help neutralize stomach acid.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Emotional stress is not directly related to salmonellosis. Smoking affects general health but not salmonellosis risk. Food history is crucial to identify contamination sources. Colon cancer is unrelated to salmonellosis diagnosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A vagotomy does not repair a perforation. It does not involve removing ulcerated tissue. It cuts the vagus nerve to decrease acid production, promoting ulcer healing. It is unrelated to preventing stomach sliding, which is addressed by fundoplication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Masks are not needed for C. diff, which is not airborne. Contact precautions prevent spore spread. Blood tests are not used for C. diff diagnosis; stool tests are standard. Alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective; soap and water are required.