ATI RN
ATI N120n122 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is setting up the physical environment for an interview with a client and plans to obtain subjective data regarding the client's health. Which interventions are appropriate? Select three options that apply.
Correct Answer: A,E,F
Rationale: Ensuring comfortable seating at eye level establishes a non-intimidating environment. Setting the room temperature at a comfortable level ensures physical comfort. Removing distracting objects minimizes potential distractions. Facing a strong light may cause discomfort. A distance of 7 ft is too great for effective communication. Placing a chair across from the nurse's desk creates a formal, potentially intimidating setting.
Question 2 of 5
The client with sickle cell disease (SCD) has recently been sick and is now experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which priority interventions should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining IV fluids, administering pain medications, and providing supplemental oxygen are critical interventions that address the acute needs of the client in crisis, aiming to alleviate pain and improve oxygenation. Encouraging frequent ambulation is not appropriate during a vaso-occlusive crisis, as it can exacerbate pain and further compromise blood flow. While monitoring the RBC count is important, it is not the most immediate intervention during a crisis. Treating the client in an outpatient setting is inappropriate during a vaso-occlusive crisis, which typically requires inpatient care for effective pain management and hydration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with HIV. Which laboratory test would be used to assess the effectiveness of therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Viral load count is the primary test used to assess the effectiveness of HIV therapy by measuring the amount of HIV RNA in the blood, indicating how well the treatment is controlling the virus. The Western blot is used as a confirmatory test for HIV diagnosis rather than monitoring therapy effectiveness. The Enzyme immunoassay (EI
A) test is used for initial HIV screening but does not measure viral load or therapy effectiveness. Platelet count can be affected in HIV infection, especially with advanced disease, but it does not directly measure the effectiveness of HIV therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is taking epoetin alfa (Procrit). Which laboratory result would be used to assess the effectiveness of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red blood cells (RB
C) and hemoglobin (Hg) levels are directly affected by epoetin alfa, which stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow, making these values essential for assessing the medication's effectiveness. The leukocyte count (WB
C) is not relevant to the effects of epoetin alfa, as this medication primarily influences erythropoiesis. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non-specific test used to detect inflammation but does not provide information regarding the effectiveness of epoetin alfa. The thrombocyte count does not assess the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client with pernicious anemia. Which intervention should the nurse plan to implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin B injections are the correct intervention for pernicious anemia because the condition results from an inability to absorb vitamin B12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor, making injections necessary to restore vitamin levels. Blood transfusions are not a primary treatment for pernicious anemia; they may be used in severe cases but do not address the underlying cause of the condition, which is vitamin B12 deficiency. Daily hydroxyurea is primarily used to treat certain types of cancer and sickle cell disease, not pernicious anemia. Iron supplements are not effective in treating pernicious anemia, as the condition is due to a deficiency of vitamin B12, not iron.