ATI RN
ATI N120n122 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is administering a unit of RBC 350 mL over 3 hr to a client who has anemia. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 117
Rationale: Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Volume to be infused (mL) / Time (hr). In this case: Volume to be infused = 350 mL, Time = 3 hours. Plugging the values into the formula: Infusion rate = 350 mL / 3 hours = 116.67 mL/hr. Rounding to the nearest whole number, the infusion rate is 117 mL/hr.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Which client statement demonstrates a need for further education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eating raw fruits and vegetables can pose a risk for clients with compromised immune systems, as these foods may harbor pathogens that can lead to infections. This statement indicates a need for further education regarding safe food handling and preparation. The other statements reflect appropriate practices for clients with AIDS.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with sickle cell anemia. The client asks, 'Why am I in so much pain?' What is an appropriate response from the nurse to make to this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sickle cell anemia causes red blood cells to become rigid and shaped like a sickle, which can obstruct blood flow and lead to vaso-occlusive crises, resulting in pain. While deep breathing can help alleviate pain, it is not the primary cause of pain in sickle cell anemia; this response could minimize the client's experience. Although sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder, simply stating that the mutated gene causes increased pain is too vague and does not explain the pain mechanism adequately. While anemia can contribute to fatigue and some discomfort, the pain in sickle cell anemia is primarily due to the sickling of red blood cells and subsequent blockage of blood flow, rather than just the lack of hemoglobin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client with a history of ulcerative colitis and a new diagnosis of anemia. Which of the following symptoms from ulcerative colitis is a contributing factor to the development of anemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic bloody diarrhea is a significant symptom of ulcerative colitis and leads to iron loss and depletion, contributing to the development of anemia due to the loss of blood and iron. Dietary iron restrictions may affect iron intake, but they are not a direct symptom of ulcerative colitis that contributes to anemia. Intestinal parasites can cause anemia but are not a common complication associated with ulcerative colitis. Intestinal malabsorption syndrome can lead to anemia; however, it is not a primary symptom of ulcerative colitis itself.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is on anti-retroviral therapy (ART), which includes indinavir sulfate (Crixivan), a protease inhibitor, for the treatment of HIV. Which client statement demonstrates that teaching was effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This statement accurately reflects the importance of adherence to ART; if medication is missed, the virus may replicate unchecked, leading to drug resistance, which is a significant concern in HIV treatment. The conversion of RNA to DNA is a normal part of the HIV life cycle and is not directly prevented by taking medication on time. While protease inhibitors do help prevent the assembly of new virions, the primary concern when missing doses is the risk of resistance rather than assembly prevention. Missing doses would not directly cause an increase in CD4 lymphocyte counts.