Correct Answer: B

Rationale: D-Dimer is correct. It detects fibrin degradation products, which are elevated in the presence of a blood clot, making it a useful screening test for pulmonary embolism. Stress testing, ECG, and pulmonary function testing are not specific for diagnosing pulmonary embolism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Diaphoresis and cool clammy skin are correct. These symptoms occur due to sympathetic nervous system activation in response to cardiac ischemia, leading to vasoconstriction, sweating, and signs of impending shock. Intermittent claudication, jugular vein distention, and mid-epigastric pain are not classic MI symptoms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Delivering a continuous flow of air pressure to keep the airway open is correct. CPAP prevents airway collapse during sleep, allowing for uninterrupted breathing and oxygenation. Reducing daytime sleepiness, improving sleep quality, and promoting weight loss are benefits but not the primary purpose.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is correct. It is a genetic disorder that leads to early-onset emphysema, impairing the lungs' ability to protect against enzymatic damage. Hypertension, male gender, and history of pulmonary embolism are not primary risk factors for COPD.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Preventing bronchospasms and promoting bronchodilation is correct. Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that relaxes airway muscles, improving airflow in COPD patients. It does not monitor blood pressure, relieve nasal congestion, or primarily reduce coughing.