ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a closed chest tube system. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after noticing a rise in the water seal chamber with client inspiration? Utilize image to see area that is being described.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Continue to monitor the client is correct. Tidaling (rise in water seal with inspiration) is a normal finding, indicating proper chest tube function. Notifying the provider, clamping the tube, or repositioning are unnecessary unless abnormal findings occur.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a provider's clinic is assessing a client who takes sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina. The client reports getting a headache each time he takes the medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Try taking a mild analgesic to relieve the headache.' is correct. Nitroglycerin-induced headaches are a common side effect due to vasodilation. Mild analgesics such as acetaminophen can help alleviate the discomfort. Taking only one dose to reduce the risk of a headache is inappropriate. The client should follow the prescribed dosing regimen to manage angina effectively. Skipping doses may increase the risk of angina attacks. Requesting a different medication is not necessary. Nitroglycerin is an effective treatment for stable angina, and headaches typically diminish over time as the body adjusts to the medication. Stating that nothing can be done to relieve the headaches is incorrect. Headaches from nitroglycerin can be managed with mild analgesics or by adjusting the timing of medication administration.
Question 3 of 5
Why are small, frequent meals recommended for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Small, frequent meals reduce abdominal distention and diaphragm pressure, preventing dyspnea. Caloric intake, social interaction, and balanced diet are secondary considerations.
Question 4 of 5
What is the underlying rationale for why a nurse assesses a client with emphysema for clinical indicators of hypoxia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lack of adequate surface area for aeration is correct. Emphysema causes alveolar destruction, reducing gas exchange surface area, leading to chronic hypoxia. Mucus production, infections, and bronchiole inflammation are more relevant to chronic bronchitis or other conditions.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse identifies which of the following as the most common cause of a myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is correct. It is the primary cause of myocardial infarction due to plaque buildup blocking coronary arteries, reducing oxygen to the heart. Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are risk factors but not the direct cause.