ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is educating a client with Type 2 diabetes on the importance of having regular eye examinations. The nurse should explain this is due to what complication from diabetes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes can indeed cause diabetic retinopathy, which is a condition where high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina.
Question 2 of 5
A home health nurse is assessing an older adult client in the home who has decreased vision due to a history of glaucoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a safety risk?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scatter rugs pose a major fall risk, especially for visually impaired clients. Removing or securing them enhances safety and reduces accident risk.
Question 3 of 5
A client frequently takes diphenhydramine (Benadryl) to alleviate his upper respiratory symptoms associated with allergies. Which of the following mechanisms of action applies to diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blocking histamine receptors and inhibiting acetylcholine by binding to H1 receptors is the correct mechanism of action for diphenhydramine. This antihistamine drug effectively reduces allergic symptoms by preventing histamine from binding to H1 receptors. Additionally, diphenhydramine has anticholinergic effects, which means it can also inhibit the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, contributing to its sedative and anti-nausea properties. This dual action makes diphenhydramine effective in treating various allergic reactions and related symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A client is taking cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) for acute muscle spasms of the back. The nurse educates the client on which possible anticholinergic side effects associated with this medication? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Tachycardia, decreased urination, and dry mouth are anticholinergic side effects of cyclobenzaprine. These occur due to the inhibition of acetylcholine, affecting heart rate, bladder function, and salivary glands. Excessive lacrimation and sweating are not typical, as anticholinergics reduce secretions.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is educating a client with Type 2 diabetes on the importance of having regular eye examinations. The nurse should explain this is due to what complication from diabetes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes can indeed cause diabetic retinopathy, which is a condition where high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina.