ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is admitted to the emergency department with deep, rapid breathing, abdominal pain, and confusion. Which of the following laboratory findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A blood glucose level of 600 mg/dL with elevated ketone levels in blood and urine confirms DKA, a life-threatening complication of Type 1 diabetes.
Question 2 of 5
A 65-year-old adult patient weighing 80 kg is prescribed a continuous heparin infusion. The order is for 18 units/kg/hour. The pharmacy supplies heparin in a concentration of 25,000 units/500 mL. Determine the total units of heparin the patient should receive per hour.
Correct Answer: 1440 units
Rationale: The patient should receive 1440 units of heparin per hour, calculated as 80 kg × 18 units/kg/hour.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is experiencing anaphylaxis after receiving an antibiotic. Which interventions should the nurse prioritize to address this condition? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,G
Rationale: Administering epinephrine, starting IV access, providing oxygen, and ensuring a patent airway are critical immediate actions for anaphylaxis.
Question 4 of 5
A 40-year-old patient is admitted with sharp, pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea. The nurse observes jugular venous distension and muffled heart sounds on examination. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering oxygen is the most appropriate initial action to address potential life-threatening conditions like cardiac tamponade or pulmonary embolism.
Question 5 of 5
A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis reports increased pain and stiffness in the knees, particularly in the morning and after prolonged inactivity. Which intervention is most appropriate to recommend to this patient to help alleviate these symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Applying heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity is an effective method for alleviating stiffness and promoting mobility. Heat helps relax muscles and improve blood flow to the affected area.