ATI RN
ATI Nurs 2000 Fundamentals Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about the stages of the general adaptive syndrome (GAS). The nurse should include that which of the following is the first physiological response that occurs during GAS?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first physiological response that occurs during the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is the alarm reaction stage. This stage is the body's initial response to stress where the sympathetic nervous system is activated by the sudden release of hormones. The body remaining alert while blood pressure and heart rate return to pre-stress levels is part of the resistance stage of GAS not the first physiological response. Prolonged exposure to stress resulting in illness is associated with the exhaustion stage of GAS which is the final stage not the first physiological response. An increase in hormones causing an increase in blood pressure and heart rate is part of the alarm reaction stage but it is not the first physiological response. The first response is the perception of a stressor that stimulates the central nervous system.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is getting ready to conduct a cranial nerve examination on a patient. What steps should the nurse take to examine cranial nerve XI (Spinal Accessory)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Checking the patient's visual acuity using a Snellen chart is used to assess cranial nerve II (Optic) not cranial nerve XI (Spinal Accessory). Whispering in one of the patient's ears while blocking the other is a method used to assess cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear) not cranial nerve XI. Observing the patient's ability to turn their head from side to side is a correct method to assess cranial nerve XI. This nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles which are responsible for turning the head and shrugging the shoulders respectively. Asking the patient to identify specific smells is used to assess cranial nerve I (Olfactory) not cranial nerve XI.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient about reducing the risk for falls. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Installing handrails in the bathroom is a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. Handrails provide support and stability particularly in slippery environments like the bathroom. Using a standard height toilet seat is not necessarily a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. A toilet seat at an appropriate height for the individual would be more beneficial. Wearing backless shoes is not a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. Shoes with good support and non-slip soles are typically recommended. Covering extension cords with a throw rug is not a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. This could potentially create a tripping hazard.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is conducting a mobility assessment on a patient. The patient can stand up from a seated position using a cane for support. Which of the following activity levels should the nurse assign to the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Minimal assistance implies that the patient needs some help but can do most of the task on their own. In this case the patient is able to stand up from a seated position using a cane for support which suggests that they do not need assistance. Moderate assistance implies that the patient needs more help to perform the task. The patient in the scenario is able to perform the task independently with the help of a cane. No assistance means that the patient can perform the task independently. This is the most fitting answer because the patient is able to stand up from a seated position using a cane for support. Maximum assistance implies that the patient is unable to perform the task without substantial help. This does not apply to the patient in the scenario as they are able to stand up independently with the help of a cane.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about skeletal muscles. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a function of skeletal muscles?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Skeletal muscles do not enable the heart to contract with each heartbeat. The heart has its own specialized muscle tissue known as cardiac muscle which allows it to contract and pump blood throughout the body. Skeletal muscles do not enable the bladder to contract during voiding. The detrusor muscle a smooth muscle found in the wall of the bladder contracts during urination to expel urine from the body. Skeletal muscles do not enable the bronchioles to dilate in the lungs. The dilation and constriction of the bronchioles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system and the smooth muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. Skeletal muscles do enable a hand to contract and form a fist. Skeletal muscles are responsible for all voluntary movements including making a fist. When you want to make a fist your brain sends a signal to the skeletal muscles in your hand and forearm telling them to contract. This pulls on the tendons connected to your fingers causing them to move and form a fist.