ATI RN
ATI Nurs 2000 Fundamentals Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
While assessing the breath sounds of a client with Parkinson's disease a nurse hears adventitious sounds. How should the client's nutritional needs be met?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a client with Parkinson's disease who has difficulty swallowing or chewing due to muscle rigidity semi-solid food with thick liquids can be easier to swallow and reduce the risk of choking. Minced foods and fluid restriction may not provide the necessary nutrients and hydration for a client with Parkinson's disease. A low-residue diet which is low in fiber may not be appropriate for a client with Parkinson's disease as constipation is a common symptom of the disease and fiber can help alleviate this.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. It is typically reserved for clients who cannot or should not get their nutrition through eating.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who reports stress related to homelessness. The nurse should identify that the patient is experiencing which of the following types of stressors?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Socioeconomic stressors are related to a person's social and economic status. Homelessness is a clear example of a socioeconomic stressor as it is often caused by factors such as unemployment poverty and lack of affordable housing. Adventitious stressors are unexpected and often traumatic events that occur outside of the normal course of life. These could include natural disasters accidents or violent crimes. While homelessness can be traumatic it is not considered an adventitious stressor because it is related to the individual's social and economic circumstances. Developmental stressors are those that occur as a result of going through the normal stages of life such as starting school getting a job getting married having children and retiring. Homelessness is not a developmental stressor because it is not a normal or expected part of life. Cultural stressors are related to a person's cultural background and experiences. While culture can influence a person's socioeconomic status homelessness itself is not a cultural stressor.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with moderate vision impairment. What actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While adequate lighting is important for people with vision impairment direct lighting from open window shades can create glare which can make vision problems worse. Facing the patient when speaking to them can help the patient use visual cues to better understand the conversation. Using gestures can be helpful for some patients with vision impairment but it may not be beneficial for a patient with moderate vision impairment who may not be able to see the gestures clearly. Speaking loudly is not necessary for a patient with vision impairment unless they also have a hearing impairment.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient about reducing the risk for falls. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Installing handrails in the bathroom is a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. Handrails provide support and stability particularly in slippery environments like the bathroom. Using a standard height toilet seat is not necessarily a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. A toilet seat at an appropriate height for the individual would be more beneficial. Wearing backless shoes is not a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. Shoes with good support and non-slip soles are typically recommended. Covering extension cords with a throw rug is not a recommended strategy for reducing the risk of falls. This could potentially create a tripping hazard.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about physical manifestations associated with the fight-or-flight response to stress. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypoglycemia or low blood sugar is not typically a manifestation of the fight-or-flight response. In fact the opposite is true. During the fight-or-flight response the body's glucose levels often increase to provide extra energy for the perceived threat. Dilated pupils are a common physical manifestation of the fight-or-flight response. This physiological change allows more light to enter the eyes enhancing vision and awareness of the environment during a stressful event. Bronchial airway constriction is not typically associated with the fight-or-flight response. In fact the bronchial airways often dilate during this response to allow for increased oxygen flow which is necessary for physical exertion. Decreased blood pressure is not a typical response to stress. During the fight-or-flight response blood pressure usually increases to enhance blood flow to the muscles and brain.