ATI RN
ATI Nurs 2000 Fundamentals Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The patient with glaucoma is usually started on the lowest dose of medication. Which of the following is the preferred initial ophthalmic medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are not typically the first line of treatment for glaucoma. They work by decreasing the production of eye fluid but they are usually used when other treatments have not been successful. Prostaglandin analogs such as latanoprost and travoprost are often the first line of treatment for glaucoma. They work by increasing the outflow of eye fluid to lower pressure in the eye. Alpha-agonists are not typically the first line of treatment for glaucoma. They work by both decreasing the production of eye fluid and increasing its outflow but they are usually used when other treatments have not been successful. Beta-blockers like timolol are sometimes used as initial treatment for glaucoma but they are not typically the preferred initial medication. They work by reducing the production of eye fluid.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a surgical procedure. The nurse is reviewing the patient's electronic medical record. Which of the following findings places the patient at risk for a surgical complication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: High glucose levels can indicate uncontrolled diabetes which can increase the risk of surgical complications such as infection and poor wound healing. Metformin is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It can increase the risk of lactic acidosis especially in patients undergoing procedures that involve the use of contrast dye. A history of smoking can increase the risk of surgical complications including poor wound healing infection and lung problems. An elevated white blood cell (WB
C) count can indicate an infection or inflammation in the body which can increase the risk of surgical complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus can increase the risk of surgical complications including infection poor wound healing and cardiovascular complications.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about sources of stress. The nurse should include that which of the following is an example of a physiological stressor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Academic pressure is a psychological stressor not a physiological one. It involves mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances in this case related to academic performance. A burn injury is an example of a physiological stressor. Physiological stressors are related to physical or biological factors that strain the body's resources. A burn injury places physical stress on the body as it tries to heal and recover. Financial difficulties are a type of environmental stressor not a physiological one. They involve external factors in a person's environment that cause stress such as financial problems or job-related stress. A change in marital status is a type of psychosocial stressor not a physiological one. It involves both psychological factors (such as emotions and behavior) and social factors (such as relationships and social interactions).
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about the stages of the general adaptive syndrome (GAS). The nurse should include that which of the following is the first physiological response that occurs during GAS?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first physiological response that occurs during the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is the alarm reaction stage. This stage is the body's initial response to stress where the sympathetic nervous system is activated by the sudden release of hormones. The body remaining alert while blood pressure and heart rate return to pre-stress levels is part of the resistance stage of GAS not the first physiological response. Prolonged exposure to stress resulting in illness is associated with the exhaustion stage of GAS which is the final stage not the first physiological response. An increase in hormones causing an increase in blood pressure and heart rate is part of the alarm reaction stage but it is not the first physiological response. The first response is the perception of a stressor that stimulates the central nervous system.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is conducting a class on stress. Which of the following would the nurse include as an example of acute stress?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Experiencing poverty can indeed be a source of chronic stress due to the ongoing hardships and struggles associated with financial instability. However, it is not typically classified as an example of acute stress, which is usually associated with a specific event or situation that causes a sudden and intense reaction. Being a victim of a crime is a prime example of an acute stressor. This is because it is a specific event that can cause immediate emotional and physiological reactions. The individual may experience intense feelings of fear, shock, or distress, and these reactions typically occur immediately after the event. Being part of a dysfunctional family can lead to chronic stress due to ongoing family conflicts, communication problems, or other issues. While specific incidents within the family context (like a heated argument) could potentially trigger acute stress responses, the overall experience of living in a dysfunctional family is more commonly associated with chronic stress. Experiencing racism can lead to both acute and chronic stress. Acute stress might occur in response to a specific incident of racial discrimination, while chronic stress could result from living in a society where racism is pervasive. However, without a specific incident mentioned, it is less likely to be considered an example of acute stress compared to being a victim of a crime.