ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Exam Special Unit ADN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the electrocardiogram (ECG) results. Which portion of the conduction system does the nurse consider when evaluating the P wave?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SA Node: The SA (sinoatrial) node initiates electrical impulses and is responsible for atrial depolarization, which produces the P wave on an ECG. This makes it the correct answer. AV Node: The AV node is responsible for delaying electrical impulses before they pass to the ventricles, but it does not generate the P wave. It affects the PR interval rather than the P wave itself. Purkinje Fibers: The Purkinje fibers play a role in ventricular contraction (QRS complex), not in the formation of the P wave. Bundle of HIS: The Bundle of HIS transmits impulses to the ventricles and is involved in ventricular depolarization, not atrial activity. It is not responsible for the P wave.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with heart failure and cardiac output is decreased. Which formula can the nurse use to calculate cardiac output?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stroke volume × heart rate: Cardiac Output (CO) = Stroke Volume (SV) × Heart Rate (HR). Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped per beat, and heart rate is the number of beats per minute. Multiplying these values gives the total volume of blood pumped per minute, making this the correct formula. Myocardial contractility × myocardial blood flow: While myocardial contractility and blood flow affect cardiac output, they are not part of the formula for calculating it. Ventricular filling time/diastolic filling time: This ratio does not determine cardiac output. While diastolic filling time affects stroke volume, it is not the standard formula for cardiac output. Preload/afterload: Preload and afterload influence cardiac function but are not used to directly calculate cardiac output.
Question 3 of 5
Which action should the nurse take when using critical thinking to make clinical decisions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Consider what is important in any given situation: Critical thinking involves analyzing the situation, prioritizing information, and making decisions based on what is most important for patient safety and care. Reads and follows the health care provider's orders: While following provider orders is important, critical thinking requires assessing the situation and considering all relevant factors, rather than just following orders without analysis. Accepts one established way to provide care: Critical thinking involves evaluating different approaches and adapting to individual patient needs rather than rigidly adhering to a single method. Makes decisions based on intuition: While intuition can be helpful, evidence-based practice and clinical reasoning should guide decision-making, not just intuition alone.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced a laparoscopic appendectomy. For which type of healing will the nurse focus the care plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary Intention: Primary intention healing occurs when surgical incisions are closed with sutures, staples, or adhesive strips. Since laparoscopic procedures involve small incisions that are closed immediately, this type of healing applies. Partial-thickness repair: Partial-thickness repair refers to wounds that involve only the epidermis and part of the dermis (e.g., abrasions, minor burns). Surgical incisions are full-thickness wounds, so this is not applicable. Secondary Intention: Secondary intention healing occurs when wounds heal from the inside out, typically seen in pressure ulcers, large open wounds, or infected wounds. Surgical wounds that are sutured do not heal by secondary intention. Tertiary Intention: Tertiary intention healing occurs when a wound is left open initially and later closed due to infection risk or delayed healing. Laparoscopic appendectomy wounds are closed immediately, making this choice incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is calculating the total fluid intake for a client during a 4-hr period. The client consumes 1 cup of coffee, 4 oz of orange juice, 3 oz of water, 1 cup of flavored gelatin, 1 cup of tea, 5 oz of broth, and 3 oz of water. The nurse should record how many mL of intake on the client's record? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1170
Rationale:
Step 1: Convert cups and ounces to mL (1 cup = 240 mL, 1 oz = 30 mL): Coffee: 1 cup = 240 mL; Orange juice: 4 oz × 30 mL = 120 mL; Water.ConcurrentHashMap (first): 3 oz × 30 mL = 90 mL; Flavored gelatin: 1 cup = 240 mL; Tea: 1 cup = 240 mL; Broth: 5 oz × 30 mL = 150 mL; Water (second): 3 oz × 30 mL = 90 mL.
Step 2: Add all the mL values together: 240 + 120 + 90 + 240 + 240 + 150 + 90 = 1,170 mL. Final Answer: 1,170 mL.