ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to titrate a continuous nitroprusside infusion for a client. The nurse should plan to titrate the infusion according to which of the following assessments?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure. When titrating nitroprusside, a vasodilator used to lower blood pressure, monitoring blood pressure is crucial. The goal is to maintain a specific target blood pressure range to prevent hypotension or hypertension. Adjusting the infusion rate based on blood pressure ensures the client's hemodynamic stability. Monitoring stroke volume, cardiac output, or urine output is not specific to the effects of nitroprusside. Blood pressure directly reflects the drug's vasodilatory effect, making it the most appropriate parameter to guide titration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing an adult client who is receiving morphine via continuous IV infusion. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the priority finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respirations deep at a rate of 10/min. This is the priority finding because it indicates potential opioid overdose, which can lead to respiratory depression, a life-threatening complication. Shallow, slow respirations at a rate of 10/min suggest the client's respiratory drive is compromised, requiring immediate intervention to prevent respiratory arrest.
A: Vomiting 30 mL of fluid is concerning but not immediately life-threatening compared to respiratory depression.
B: Blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg may be expected with morphine infusion but is not as critical as respiratory depression.
D: Urinary output of 20 mL within 1 hr may indicate decreased renal perfusion but is not as urgent as addressing respiratory compromise.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elevated hematocrit level. When a client is experiencing fluid volume deficit, there is a decrease in circulating blood volume, leading to hemoconcentration. This results in an elevated hematocrit level due to the increased concentration of red blood cells in the blood. A weight gain (
B) would be indicative of fluid volume excess rather than deficit. Shortness of breath (
C) and distended neck veins (
D) are signs of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to titrate a continuous nitroprusside infusion for a client. The nurse should plan to titrate the infusion according to which of the following assessments?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure. When titrating nitroprusside, a vasodilator used to lower blood pressure, monitoring blood pressure is crucial. The goal is to maintain a specific target blood pressure range to prevent hypotension or hypertension. Adjusting the infusion rate based on blood pressure ensures the client's hemodynamic stability. Monitoring stroke volume, cardiac output, or urine output is not specific to the effects of nitroprusside. Blood pressure directly reflects the drug's vasodilatory effect, making it the most appropriate parameter to guide titration.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Taking a high-ceiling diuretic predisposes the client to digoxin toxicity as both medications can cause hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. High-ceiling diuretics like furosemide increase potassium excretion, leading to low potassium levels. Digoxin toxicity is more likely to occur in the setting of low potassium levels because digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the sodium-potassium pump in cardiac cells. This competition can result in increased digoxin binding to the pump, leading to toxicity.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly affect potassium levels or interact with digoxin in a way that predisposes the client to toxicity.