ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress the respiratory center. This results in decreased respiratory rate. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because oxycodone does not directly affect cranial arteries, sodium channels, or prostaglandin synthesis in a way that would lead to respiratory depression. Option E is blank, but it would likely be incorrect as well since the correct answer is related to the central nervous system.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer the medication into the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin that should be injected subcutaneously into the fatty tissue in the abdomen. This area has a good blood supply, allowing for better absorption of the medication. The nurse should choose an area away from the umbilicus and any scar tissue to prevent discomfort and ensure proper absorption. Massaging the injection site after administering the medication (
Choice
A) is not recommended as it can cause bruising and discomfort. Holding the skin taut at the injection site (
Choice
C) is unnecessary and may increase the risk of injecting the medication too deeply. Expelling the air bubble from the syringe (
Choice
D) is not necessary for subcutaneous injections and may lead to medication wastage.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is responding to the treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased ascites. Spironolactone is a diuretic commonly used in cirrhosis to reduce fluid retention, specifically ascites. As the medication helps the body eliminate excess fluid, a decrease in ascites would indicate that the client is responding to the treatment. Increased appetite (
A) and increased energy (
C) are not directly related to the medication or the treatment of cirrhosis. Decreased jaundice (
B) is more indicative of improved liver function rather than the specific response to spironolactone.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse administers 2 mg of morphine out of a vial containing 4 mg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take with the remaining medication in the vial?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dispose of the medication as waste in an approved receptacle. This is because once a vial has been accessed, it is considered contaminated and should not be stored for future use. Option A is incorrect as storing the medication for the client's next dose is not safe practice due to the risk of contamination. Option B is incorrect as the remaining medication should be disposed of properly, not simply discarded in a sharps container. Option C is incorrect as returning the medication to the pharmacy is not appropriate once it has been accessed. Proper disposal in an approved receptacle ensures safety and prevents potential harm from misuse.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse anticipate administering to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lorazepam. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms like anxiety, agitation, and seizures. It acts on the GABA receptors to produce a calming effect. Bupropion (
A) is used for smoking cessation, Disulfiram (
B) is used to deter alcohol consumption by causing unpleasant effects, and Methadone (
D) is used for opioid withdrawal.