ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Assessing both eyes together first, then separately, is not the standard method; typically, each eye is tested separately first to detect differences. B. Positioning the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the chart is incorrect; the standard distance for a Snellen chart is 20 feet (6 meters), though a 10-foot chart may be used for young children. C. Testing the child without glasses before testing with glasses may be appropriate but is not specifically related to the method of visual acuity assessment. D. Using a tumbling E chart is appropriate for assessing visual acuity in young children who may not recognize letters. The tumbling E chart uses a series of 'E' shapes facing different directions, allowing the child to indicate the direction the 'E' is facing, thus assessing visual acuity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a 2-year-old child about typical toddler behavior. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A.
Toddlers thrive on routines and consistency, which provide them with security and predictability. B.
Toddlers are in a stage of development where they assert their independence and autonomy by saying 'no' or 'mine' to almost everything. This is a normal and healthy behavior that reflects their growing sense of self and identity. The nurse should explain to the guardian that this behavior is not meant to be defiant or disrespectful, but rather a way of exploring their environment and expressing their preferences. C.
Toddlers are typically emotionally labile, meaning they can experience rapid changes in mood and emotions. D.
Toddlers may display increased independence rather than increased dependency as they strive to assert their autonomy.
Extract:
History and Physical: School-age child admitted, diagnosed with cystic fibrosis at 3 months of age, has experienced failure to thrive, and has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The child presents with wheezing, rhonchi paroxysmal cough, and dyspnea. The parent reports large, frothy, foul-smelling stools. The child has deficient levels of vitamin A, D, E, and K. Barrel-shaped chest, Clubbing of the fingers bilaterally, Respiratory rate 40/min with wheezing and rhonchi noted bilaterally, dyspnea, and paroxysmal cough. Vital Signs: Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F), Heart rate 100/min, Respiratory rate 40/min, Blood pressure 100/57mm Hg. Laboratory Results: Sputum culture positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stool analysis positive for presence of fat and enzymes, Chest X-ray indicates obstructive emphysema, WBC count 20,000/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000/mm3)
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the child's medical record. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe or reconcile from the child's home medication list? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: A. Meperidine is a narcotic analgesic used for pain relief and is not typically indicated for the management of cystic fibrosis. B. Dornase alfa is a medication commonly used in the management of cystic fibrosis to help improve respiratory function by reducing the viscosity of mucus in the airways. C. While acetaminophen may be used for managing fever or pain in children with cystic fibrosis, it is not specifically indicated as a standard medication for cystic fibrosis management. D. Children with cystic fibrosis often have deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) due to malabsorption. Fat-soluble forms of these vitamins are typically prescribed to address these deficiencies. E. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, such as pancreatic lipase, is necessary for children with cystic fibrosis who have pancreatic insufficiency. This medication helps improve digestion and absorption of nutrients by replacing the deficient pancreatic enzymes.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child about bicycle safety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Riding the bicycle against the flow of traffic increases the risk of collisions with oncoming vehicles. Children should ride with the flow of traffic to be more predictable and visible to drivers. B. Keeping the bicycle at least 3 feet from the curb while riding in the street is excessive and may place the child too far into traffic; a safer distance is closer to 1-2 feet to avoid hazards like parked cars. C. Walking the bicycle through intersections allows the child to safely navigate intersections as pedestrians, reducing the risk of accidents with vehicles. D. The height of the child's feet when seated on the bicycle being 3 to 6 inches off the ground is unsafe; their feet should be able to touch the ground for balance and control while stopping and starting.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. This statement demonstrates an understanding of the increased risk of tuberculosis in individuals with HIV and the importance of regular screening. Tuberculosis is a common opportunistic infection in individuals with HIV, and regular testing is essential for early detection and treatment. B. While starting antiretroviral therapy such as zidovudine is important for managing HIV, it does not immediately decrease the risk of transmission. It takes time for viral load suppression to occur and for the risk of transmission to decrease significantly. C. Doubling medications without healthcare provider guidance could lead to incorrect dosing and potential harm. HIV medications should be taken exactly as prescribed by the healthcare provider. D. Childhood immunizations are essential for preventing other infectious diseases but may need to be adjusted based on the child's immune status and specific recommendations from the healthcare provider. The statement does not address the immediate concern of managing HIV.