ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has varicella. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Providing a warm blanket can help alleviate discomfort associated with fever and chills, which are common symptoms of varicella, but it is not the priority intervention. B. Koplik spots are seen in measles, not varicella. C. Aspirin administration is contraindicated in varicella due to the risk of Reye's syndrome. Acetaminophen or ibuprofen may be used for fever. D. Varicella is spread through respiratory droplets and direct contact, so airborne precautions are necessary to prevent transmission.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is applying soft limb restraints to a child who is acting aggressively toward staff. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Tying restraints to the side rails poses a risk of injury to the child and is not a recommended practice. B. Renewing the prescription for restraints every 48 hours is important, but it does not directly address the proper application of restraints. C. Securing restraints with a quick-release knot allows for quick removal in case of emergency and is the correct method for applying restraints. D. Assessing the child every 4 hours while in restraints is important, but it does not address the proper application of restraints; assessments should occur more frequently, typically every 2 hours.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Allowing the infant to self-soothe by crying prior to feeding is not appropriate, as it may lead to increased stress and fatigue, which can worsen heart failure symptoms. B. Placing the infant in an upright position during feeding helps to reduce the risk of aspiration and promotes effective swallowing. C. Infants with heart failure have a weakened heart that struggles to pump blood efficiently. Feeding can be tiring for them, and they might not be able to consume large volumes at once. A smaller, more frequent feeding schedule allows them to take in enough calories without overexertion. This approach helps manage their energy expenditure and reduces stress on the heart. D. While some infants might take longer to feed, heart failure can make feeding tiring. Offering smaller, more frequent feedings can help the infant consume enough calories without expending too much energy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is obtaining informed consent for an adolescent who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. The adolescent's guardian states, 'I don't understand why they need to do this procedure.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Requesting assistance from the anesthesiologist may not directly address the guardian's misunderstanding about the procedure and may not be necessary unless there are specific anesthesia-related concerns. B. While this option suggests a proactive approach by the nurse, it may not be appropriate unless the nurse is sufficiently knowledgeable about the specifics of the cardiac catheterization and has been delegated this task by the healthcare team. Typically, the primary responsibility lies with the healthcare provider performing the procedure. C. Witnessing the adolescent's signature on the informed consent form is an important step in the consent process but does not directly address the guardian's misunderstanding about the procedure. D. This action is appropriate because the provider has the knowledge and responsibility to explain why the cardiac catheterization is necessary, the benefits it offers, and any risks associated with the procedure. It ensures that the guardian receives accurate and detailed information directly from the expert who will be performing the procedure, facilitating an informed decision.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: 0700: 7 year old client who weighs 18.1 kg (39.9 lb) admitted with a UTI. Child reports pain and burning upon urination and feeling like they need to go to the bathroom all the time. Child's guardian reports the client has been incontinent of urine the past 2 nights and that the urine has a very strong odor. Vital Signs: 0715: Temperature 38 C (100.4 F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 106/65 mm Hg. 0930: Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 23/min, Blood pressure 105/65 mm Hg. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the client. For each of the following interventions, click to specify if the potential intervention is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
| Intervention | Anticipated |
|---|---|
| Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene | |
| Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim | |
| Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever | |
| Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid | |
| Advise child's guardian about the use of sunscreen |
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A. Proper perineal hygiene is essential in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections. Teaching the child about proper hygiene practices is important for preventing future UTIs. B. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. Administering the prescribed antibiotic is appropriate for treating the UTI. C. Salicylic acid (aspirin) is contraindicated in children with viral infections due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition. Since the child has a fever, which is likely due to the UTI, salicylic acid should not be given. D. Fluid intake should be encouraged to help flush out the bacteria causing the UTI. Restricting fluid intake is not appropriate in this situation. E. Advising the child's guardian about the use of sunscreen is appropriate, especially if the child will be outdoors. This intervention is not directly related to the UTI but is generally important for the child's overall health and well-being.