ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has a prescription to transfuse 2 units of packed RBCs. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Infuse each unit of blood within 4 hr. This is important because packed RBCs should be infused in a timely manner to prevent bacterial growth and ensure the effectiveness of the transfusion. Infusing each unit within 4 hours helps maintain the integrity of the blood product and reduces the risk of complications such as bacterial contamination.
Choice B is incorrect because infusing dextrose 5% in water during the transfusion of packed RBCs is unnecessary and may dilute the blood product, affecting its efficacy.
Choice C is incorrect as storing the second unit of blood at room temperature for up to 2 hours is not recommended. Blood products should be stored according to specific guidelines to maintain their integrity and prevent contamination.
Choice D is incorrect as administering RBCs using non-filtered IV tubing can increase the risk of particulate contamination and adverse reactions in the recipient.
Therefore, the correct intervention is to infuse each unit of blood within
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: a toddler who has seasonal influenza. Droplet precautions are used for illnesses transmitted through respiratory secretions, such as influenza. Seasonal influenza is a contagious respiratory illness spread through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. This precaution includes wearing a mask within close proximity to the child to prevent the spread of the virus.
Incorrect choices:
A: Pediculosis capitis (head lice) is spread through direct head-to-head contact, not respiratory secretions.
B: Viral conjunctivitis is an eye infection spread through direct contact with discharge from the eye, not respiratory droplets.
D: Hepatitis A is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, not respiratory secretions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of an 11-month-old infant who has acute diarrhea. Which of the following food items should the nurse instruct the parent to provide to the infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oral electrolyte solution. This is because infants with acute diarrhea are at risk of dehydration due to fluid loss. Oral electrolyte solution helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration. Applesauce, white grape juice, and chicken soup are not recommended for infants with acute diarrhea as they can worsen diarrhea symptoms or lack the necessary electrolytes to rehydrate the infant. It is crucial to prioritize rehydration with oral electrolyte solution in managing acute diarrhea in infants.
Extract:
History and Physical: A 15-year-old adolescent is admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. The parent reports that the adolescent has a low-grade fever and has vomited for 3 days. The adolescent reports having right-sided and low back pain. They also report hands and right knee are painful and swollen. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Vital signs: Temperature 37.8 C (100 F), Heart rate 100/min, Blood pressure 110/72 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 95% on room air. Assessment: Awake, alert, and oriented X 3, Yellow sclera of eyes noted bilaterally, Right upper quadrant tender to palpation, Hands painful to touch and swollen bilaterally, Right knee is swollen, warm to palpation, and client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0-10, Client is tearful and grimacing during the examination. Laboratory Results: Hct 28% (32% to 44%), Hgb 6g/dL (10 to 15.5 g/dL), WBC count 20,000/mm3 (6,200 to 17,000/mm3), ALT 50 units/L (4 to 36 units/L), AST 62 units/L (10 to 40 units/L), Total bilirubin 3.0 mg/dL (0.3 to 1.0 mg/dL), Chest radiographic examination indicates cardiomegaly and systolic murmur
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the adolescent. Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,G
Rationale: The correct interventions are A, C, D, E, and G. A: Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial for assessing respiratory status. C: Giving oral hydroxyurea is essential for managing sickle cell disease. D: Administering meperidine IV for pain control is appropriate. E: Ensuring the pneumococcal vaccine is current helps prevent infections. G: Administering folic acid is part of managing sickle cell disease. Summary: B is incorrect as restricting oral intake may worsen dehydration. F is incorrect as strict bed rest is not recommended for adolescents.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is evaluating the pain level of a toddler who is cognitively impaired to a nonpharmacologic intervention. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to evaluate the toddler's pain level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: FLACC. FLACC stands for Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability and is a pain assessment tool specifically designed for nonverbal or cognitively impaired individuals like toddlers. The tool assesses the toddler's facial expressions, leg movements, activity level, crying, and ability to be consoled. This comprehensive evaluation helps the nurse accurately determine the toddler's pain level. Visual analog scale (
A) and FACES scale (
B) require the ability to communicate and understand abstract concepts, making them unsuitable for cognitively impaired toddlers. CRIES scale (
D) is primarily used for infants and may not be as effective for toddlers.