ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rounded abdomen. In necrotizing enterocolitis, the infant may present with abdominal distension due to gas accumulation in the intestine. This distension can lead to a rounded appearance of the abdomen. Vomiting (
A) is less common in necrotizing enterocolitis. Hypertension (
B) is not a typical finding in this condition; in fact, hypotension is more common due to sepsis. Tachypnea (
D) may occur due to respiratory distress associated with the condition, but it is not a defining characteristic.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has a prescription to transfuse 2 units of packed RBCs. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Infuse each unit of blood within 4 hr. This is important because packed RBCs should be infused in a timely manner to prevent bacterial growth and ensure the effectiveness of the transfusion. Infusing each unit within 4 hours helps maintain the integrity of the blood product and reduces the risk of complications such as bacterial contamination.
Choice B is incorrect because infusing dextrose 5% in water during the transfusion of packed RBCs is unnecessary and may dilute the blood product, affecting its efficacy.
Choice C is incorrect as storing the second unit of blood at room temperature for up to 2 hours is not recommended. Blood products should be stored according to specific guidelines to maintain their integrity and prevent contamination.
Choice D is incorrect as administering RBCs using non-filtered IV tubing can increase the risk of particulate contamination and adverse reactions in the recipient.
Therefore, the correct intervention is to infuse each unit of blood within
Extract:
History and Physical: School-age child admitted, diagnosed with cystic fibrosis at 3 months of age, has experienced failure to thrive, and has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The child presents with wheezing, rhonchi paroxysmal cough, and dyspnea. The parent reports large, frothy, foul-smelling stools. The child has deficient levels of vitamin A, D, E, and K. Barrel-shaped chest, Clubbing of the fingers bilaterally, Respiratory rate 40/min with wheezing and rhonchi noted bilaterally, dyspnea, and paroxysmal cough. Vital Signs: Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F), Heart rate 100/min, Respiratory rate 40/min, Blood pressure 100/57mm Hg. Laboratory Results: Sputum culture positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stool analysis positive for presence of fat and enzymes, Chest X-ray indicates obstructive emphysema, WBC count 20,000/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000/mm3)
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the child's medical record. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe or reconcile from the child's home medication list? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are B, D, and E. Dornase alfa is used for cystic fibrosis, water-soluble vitamins are essential for growth and development in children, and pancreatic lipase aids in digestion. Meperidine is not commonly prescribed for children due to its side effects. Acetaminophen is a common medication but should not be assumed without provider confirmation. The remaining choices are not typically prescribed or reconciled in a child's medication list.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has neutropenia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid raw fruits and vegetables in the child's diet. Neutropenia is a condition characterized by low neutrophil count, leading to increased susceptibility to infections. Raw fruits and vegetables may harbor bacteria that can cause infections in immunocompromised individuals.
Therefore, avoiding raw produce helps reduce the risk of infection. Administering vaccines prior to discharge (
Choice
A) may be important for other conditions, but in neutropenia, live vaccines are contraindicated. Bathing the child every other day (
Choice
C) and obtaining rectal temperature daily (
Choice
D) are not specific to managing neutropenia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a venipuncture on a 4-year-old child. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure atraumatic care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply a topical anesthetic cream 1 hr prior to the procedure. This action is essential for atraumatic care as it helps to numb the area where the venipuncture will be performed, reducing the child's discomfort and anxiety during the procedure. Applying the cream an hour before the procedure allows adequate time for the anesthetic effect to take place.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Asking the child's parent to leave the room may increase the child's anxiety and make the procedure more traumatic.
B: Performing the procedure in the playroom may not provide a sterile environment necessary for venipuncture.
D: Explaining the procedure in detail to the child 3 hours prior may cause unnecessary anxiety and fear, as children may not fully understand the details or remember them after such a long period.