ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of warfarin to a client. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse review prior to administration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: PT (Prothrombin Time). Before administering warfarin, the nurse should review the PT because warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting clotting factors, particularly factor II (prothrombin). Monitoring PT helps assess the effectiveness of warfarin therapy and ensures the client's blood is not too thin, increasing the risk of bleeding. A: WBC (White Blood Cell count) is not relevant to monitoring warfarin therapy. B: PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time) is not specific for monitoring warfarin therapy. C:
Total iron-binding capacity is not related to monitoring warfarin therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Consulting a drug reference guide for possible interactions is crucial because it provides evidence-based information on potential food and medication interactions. This step allows the nurse to make informed decisions and ensure the client's safety. Option B is incorrect as taking medication on an empty stomach doesn't necessarily prevent interactions. Option C is incorrect as relying on another nurse's awareness may not always be reliable. Option D is incorrect as the medical record may not always have updated information on all possible interactions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exercise caution when changing positions. This information is crucial to include in the teaching because captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness when changing positions. By advising the client to exercise caution when changing positions, the nurse helps prevent falls and injuries.
A: Take a daily potassium supplement - Incorrect. Captopril can actually increase potassium levels, so taking additional potassium supplements may lead to hyperkalemia.
B: Monitor your pulse rate before taking medication - Incorrect. While monitoring pulse rate is important for some medications, it is not specifically related to captopril.
C: Increase the amount of sodium in your diet - Incorrect. Captopril can actually decrease sodium levels, so increasing sodium intake could worsen the imbalance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving high-dose metoclopramide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tardive dyskinesia. Metoclopramide is known to cause tardive dyskinesia, a serious movement disorder characterized by involuntary repetitive movements. This adverse effect is associated with long-term use of high doses of metoclopramide. Dry cough (
A) is not a common adverse effect of metoclopramide. Oral candidiasis (
C) is not directly associated with metoclopramide use. Black stools (
D) are not a typical adverse effect of metoclopramide and would be more concerning for gastrointestinal bleeding. Thus, the nurse should primarily monitor for tardive dyskinesia in a client receiving high-dose metoclopramide.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prochlorperazine. Prochlorperazine is an antiemetic medication commonly used to treat severe vomiting due to its ability to block dopamine receptors in the brain. This helps to reduce nausea and vomiting. Propafenone is an antiarrhythmic drug, not indicated for vomiting. Metformin is an antidiabetic medication and not used for vomiting. Simvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol levels, not for vomiting. In this scenario, prochlorperazine is the most appropriate choice to address the client's severe vomiting.