ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should clarify the prescription for nalbuphine with the provider because it is an opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic. Combining nalbuphine with morphine can lead to opioid withdrawal symptoms or reduced analgesic effects. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin, acetaminophen is a non-opioid analgesic, ondansetron is an antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, choices A, B, and C do not pose a significant risk of interaction with morphine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL via intermittent IV bolus over 30 min. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV infusion rate in drops per minute (gtt/min), we use the formula: (Volume to be infused in mL ÷ Time in minutes) x Drop factor. In this case, the volume to be infused is 100 mL over 30 min, and the drop factor is 15 gtt/mL. So, (100 mL ÷ 30 min) x 15 gtt/mL = 50 gtt/min. This ensures the accurate delivery of cefazolin within the specified time frame. Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the required infusion rate based on the given parameters.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client. Which of the following findings indicates a contraindication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased vitamin K level. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. If a client already has a decreased vitamin K level, administering warfarin could further increase the risk of bleeding. A history of artificial heart valve (choice
B) would actually warrant the use of warfarin to prevent clot formation. Blood pressure (choice
A) and heart rate (choice
C) are within normal limits and do not directly contraindicate warfarin administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for carbamazepine for the treatment of seizures. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Blurred vision. Carbamazepine is known to cause ocular side effects, including blurred or double vision. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for any changes in vision and report them promptly. Insomnia (
A) is not a common side effect of carbamazepine. Tachypnea (
B) refers to rapid breathing and is not typically associated with this medication. Metallic taste (
D) is not a common adverse effect of carbamazepine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sildenafil. Nitroglycerin and sildenafil both cause vasodilation, leading to a significant drop in blood pressure. When taken together, there is a high risk of severe hypotension, which can be life-threatening. Gemfibrozil (
A) is a lipid-lowering medication, not contraindicated with nitroglycerin. Diazepam (
B) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety, not contraindicated. Lansoprazole (
D) is a proton pump inhibitor and does not interact significantly with nitroglycerin.