ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin first. This prevents contamination of the NPH insulin vial. Drawing air into the vial equalizes pressure, making it easier to withdraw the correct dose. Drawing NPH insulin first can contaminate the short-acting insulin vial. Administering the insulin within 20 minutes is not necessary. Using two separate syringes is not required for mixing insulins.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: You will receive TPN through a central vein. TPN is a form of nutrition that is administered intravenously, typically through a central vein to ensure proper delivery and absorption of nutrients. This is crucial information for the client to understand the method of administration.
Choice A is incorrect as TPN is not typically given solely due to high glucose levels.
Choice B is incorrect as the duration of TPN therapy varies based on individual needs and is not necessarily predetermined for 6 months.
Choice D is incorrect as TPN is not primarily used to address low platelet counts.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma by relaxing the muscles in the airways, reducing wheezing. A decrease in wheezing indicates improved airflow and effectiveness of the medication. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not a typical desired effect of theophylline. Increased level of consciousness (
B) may indicate improved oxygenation but is not a direct indicator of the medication's effectiveness. Decreased urine output (
C) is not a common indication of theophylline efficacy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings indicates that the client responding to the treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased ascites. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic commonly used in cirrhosis to reduce fluid retention and ascites. Decreased ascites indicates that the medication is effectively reducing fluid accumulation in the abdomen, a common complication of cirrhosis. Increased appetite (
A) and increased energy (
D) are not direct indicators of spironolactone's effectiveness in treating cirrhosis. Decreased jaundice (
B) may not be directly influenced by spironolactone.
Question 5 of 5
A charge nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse about pain management principles related to clients' age. Which of the following information should the newly licensed nurse consider when administering opioids?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Older adults require lower doses of opioids. This is because as individuals age, there are physiological changes that affect drug metabolism and elimination, leading to increased sensitivity to opioids. Older adults are more susceptible to adverse effects such as respiratory depression and sedation at standard doses.
Therefore, it is important to start with lower doses and titrate carefully to achieve pain relief while minimizing side effects.
Choice A is incorrect because adults do not necessarily require higher doses due to pain intolerance; individual variations in pain perception and tolerance exist regardless of age.
Choice C is incorrect because young children should receive opioid doses based on age and pain severity, not just weight alone.
Choice D is incorrect because there is no evidence to support giving young adults half the dose of opioids to prevent misuse; proper dosing should be based on individual pain assessment and needs.