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ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: PaCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) would be elevated in respiratory acidosis because of inadequate ventilation leading to CO2 retention.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is assessing a client in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hyperkalemia is a common finding in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury due to impaired renal function, leading to decreased potassium excretion.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is caring for a child who has Addison's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Teaching the parents about cortical replacement therapy is crucial. Addison's disease results from adrenal insufficiency, and cortical replacement therapy, typically with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, is the mainstay of treatment.

Question 4 of 5

Anna's mother has been suffering from persistent vomiting for two days now. She appears to be lethargic and weak and has myalgia. She is noted to have dry mucus membranes and her capillary refill takes >4 seconds. She is diagnosed as having gastroenteritis and dehydration. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid-base disorder is shown?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The elevated pH (7.5) and HCO3 (34 mmol/L) indicate metabolic alkalosis. The slightly elevated PaCO2 (40 mm Hg) suggests partial respiratory compensation attempting to correct the alkalosis.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Oliguria, characterized by urine output less than 400 mL per 24 hours, is a hallmark of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.

Similar Questions

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) and states she has heartburn. The provider prescribes aluminum hydroxide. The client asks, 'Why can't I just take the antacid magaldrate my husband has at home?' The nurse explains to the client that aluminum hydroxide is the preferred antacid because it lowers which of the following?
Maria, an elementary student, was rushed to the hospital due to vomiting and a decreased level of consciousness. The patient displays slow and deep (Kussmaul breathing), and he is lethargic and irritable in response to stimulation. He appears to be dehydrated-his eyes are sunken and mucous membranes are dry-and he has a two-week history of polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.0, PaO2 90 mm Hg, PaCO2 23 mm Hg, and HCO3 12 mmol/L; other results are Na+ 126 mmol/L, K+ 5 mmol/L, and Cl-95 mmol/L. What is your assessment?
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for four clients. The nurse should recognize which of the following clients has a manifestation of hypoparathyroidism?
A nurse is caring for a client who has a postoperative ileus and an NG tube that has drained 2,500 mL in the past 6 hr. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor the client for?
A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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