ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting the medical history from a client who has manifestations of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse should ask the client if he has a history of which of the following conditions that can cause SIADH?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Certain malignancies, particularly lung cancer, can produce ectopic antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or ADH-like substances, leading to SIADH.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. The client reports a tingling sensation in the hands, the soles of the feet, and around the lips. For which of the following findings should the nurse assess the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chvostek's sign is a clinical sign of hypocalcemia, which can occur post-thyroidectomy due to inadvertent damage or removal of the parathyroid glands.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adequate fluid intake, typically recommended at least 3 liters (about 100 ounces) per day, helps dilute urine and reduce the concentration of stone-forming substances, thereby reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prerenal AKI is characterized by a decrease in renal blood flow, which leads to a reduction in glomerular filtration rate and a subsequent accumulation of waste products, including potassium. Hyperkalemia occurs because the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium effectively.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PaCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) would be elevated in respiratory acidosis because of inadequate ventilation leading to CO2 retention.