ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a female client who has recurrent kidney stones and is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This statement indicates possible hematuria (blood in the urine) and pain, which could be indicative of a urinary tract issue related to the kidney stones and requires reporting to the provider for further assessment and management.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following chronic conditions should the nurse identify as risk factors for developing kidney disease?
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Hypertension, diabetes, and obesity are significant risk factors for kidney disease. Hypertension damages renal blood vessels, diabetes leads to diabetic nephropathy, and obesity increases the risk through associated conditions like hypertension and diabetes.
Question 3 of 5
A woman was brought to the emergency department of a hospital after she fell into the ground and hurt her left leg. She is noted to be tachycardic and tachypneic. Painkillers were carried out to lessen her pain. Suddenly, she started complaining that she is still in pain and now experiencing muscle cramps, tingling, and paraesthesia. Measurement of arterial blood gas reveals pH 7.6, PaO2 120 mm Hg, PaCO2 31 mm Hg, and HCO3 25 mmol/L. What does this mean?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The arterial blood gas values indicate a pH of 7.6, suggesting alkalosis. The low PaCO2 at 31 mm Hg indicates hyperventilation, a respiratory process. The normal HCO3 suggests no metabolic involvement, and the lack of renal adjustment indicates an uncompensated state.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adequate fluid intake, typically recommended at least 3 liters (about 100 ounces) per day, helps dilute urine and reduce the concentration of stone-forming substances, thereby reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary hypothyroidism. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse anticipate an elevation of?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormone. Consequently, the anterior pituitary gland releases more TSH to stimulate the thyroid gland, leading to elevated TSH levels.