ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adequate fluid intake, typically recommended at least 3 liters (about 100 ounces) per day, helps dilute urine and reduce the concentration of stone-forming substances, thereby reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney failure about planning a low-protein diet. The client states, 'Why do I have to be concerned about protein?' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low-protein diet reduces the risk for uremia, a condition resulting from chronic kidney failure where urea and other waste products build up in the body due to impaired renal function.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has renal failure and an elevated phosphorus level. The provider instructed the client to take aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constipation is a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide, an antacid often used to bind phosphate in patients with renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is discussing kidney transplant with a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to multiple organ damage and increased surgical risks, making it a contraindication for kidney transplant.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse should include in the teaching that the client is at risk for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism can lead to bone resorption and weakening, putting the client at risk for fractures.