ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flank pain is a common symptom of polycystic kidney disease due to the enlargement of the kidneys from cyst formation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is experiencing fluid overload?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden weight gain is a common sign of fluid overload in clients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypervolemia, or fluid overload, is common in end-stage kidney disease and can manifest with symptoms such as shortness of breath, lower extremity edema, crackles in the lungs (due to pulmonary congestion), and elevated blood pressure.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lethargy is a common symptom of hypothyroidism due to decreased metabolic rate and energy levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client. The pH is 7.32, PaCO2 48 mm Hg and the HCO3 is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which of the following acid base balances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pH is below the normal range (7.35-7.45), indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is elevated, indicating respiratory acidosis, as an increase in PaCO2 leads to an increase in carbonic acid and a decrease in pH.