ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Proctored Exam 2024-2025 Online Practice 250 Simulated Exam Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has dyspnea, crackles, and 3+ bilateral pitting pedal edema. Which of the following serum sodium levels should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume excess?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 116 mEq/L. A low serum sodium level (hyponatremia) often indicates fluid volume excess due to dilution of sodium in the bloodstream. In this scenario, the client's symptoms of dyspnea, crackles, and pitting pedal edema are classic signs of fluid overload. A serum sodium level of 116 mEq/L suggests that the excess fluid in the body is diluting the sodium concentration.
Choices B, C, and D have normal to high serum sodium levels, which would not support the diagnosis of fluid volume excess.
Therefore, option A is the most appropriate choice indicating fluid volume excess based on the client's presentation and the associated electrolyte imbalance.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is developing a therapeutic relationship with a client. The nurse should perform which of the following actions during the working phase of a therapeutic relationship?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The working phase involves problem-solving, goal setting, and implementing strategies to improve the client's well-being.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client of Chinese heritage who speaks limited English. Which of the following methods of communication by the nurse demonstrates cultural competence?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Addressing the client formally by her last name shows respect, which aligns with many cultural norms in Chinese heritage.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who is hyperventilating, reports lightheadedness and paresthesias, and has blurred vision and a new onset of confusion. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following imbalances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory alkalosis. Hyperventilation leads to excessive elimination of carbon dioxide, causing a decrease in carbonic acid concentration in the blood, resulting in alkalosis. This explains the client's symptoms such as lightheadedness, paresthesias, blurred vision, and confusion. Metabolic acidosis (
A) is characterized by low pH and bicarbonate levels, not seen in this scenario. Metabolic alkalosis (
B) is characterized by high pH and bicarbonate levels, which is not consistent with the client's presentation. Respiratory acidosis (
C) is caused by retention of carbon dioxide, leading to acidosis, which is opposite of the client's condition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who comes to the clinic with dry, flaky skin on her upper back. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Note dry, flaky skin as an expected finding. In older adults, changes in the skin such as dryness and flakiness are common due to decreased skin elasticity and moisture. This can be a normal part of the aging process.
Therefore, the nurse should recognize this as an expected finding in an older adult client.
Choice B is incorrect because examining the back before the general inspection of the skin is not necessary in this scenario.
Choice C is incorrect because checking skin turgor is more relevant for assessing hydration status, not dry, flaky skin.
Choice D is incorrect as using a penlight to examine the back in greater detail may not provide additional relevant information about the dry, flaky skin.